Jikradia olitoria ([Hemiptera]:[Cicadellidae]) transmits the sequevar NAGYIIIβ phytoplasma strain associated with North American grapevine yellows in artificial feeding assays

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dc.contributor.authorLenzi, Paoloen
dc.contributor.authorStoepler, Teresa M.en
dc.contributor.authorMcHenry, Diana J.en
dc.contributor.authorDavis, Robert E.en
dc.contributor.authorWolf, Tony K.en
dc.contributor.departmentVirginia Agricultural Experiment Stationen
dc.date.accessioned2019-04-10T18:45:26Zen
dc.date.available2019-04-10T18:45:26Zen
dc.date.issued2019-01-02en
dc.description.abstractNorth American Grapevine Yellows (NAGY) is a destructive disease of grapevines caused by phytoplasmas, wall-less bacteria that are insect-transmitted and found in plant phloem tissues. Although the disease was recognized in vineyards in the eastern United States since the 1980s, the identities of vectors remain unknown. The objectives of this study were to survey potential phytoplasma vector insects inhabiting Virginia vineyards that expressed NAGY symptoms and to evaluate their ability to transmit phytoplasmas associated with NAGY. Phytoplasmas were identified as 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni'-related NAGYIIIβ strains and 'Ca. Phytoplasma asteris'-related NAGYI-B strains. To determine the identities of the potential vectors, artificial feeding solution was used to evaluate the ability of leafhopper species to release phytoplasmas during feeding and phytoplasma strains were identified using molecular tools. Out of 49 insect species screened, Jikradia olitoria was the only insect that released phytoplasmas into the feeding solutions; all phytoplasmas, thus, detected were identified as NAGYIIIβ strains by nucleotide sequencing of three different genomic regions. No NAGYI-B strain was detected. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of a potential insect vector of a specific phytoplasma associated with NAGY disease, and it is the first report of J. olitoria being a putative vector of a plant pathogenic phytoplasma. © Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America 2019. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.en
dc.description.adminPublic domain – authored by a U.S. government employeeen
dc.description.notesWe thank the Virginia Wine Board for financial support and the many grape growers who graciously allowed access to their vineyards for the purposes of this work. We thank Dr. LeAnn Beanland for her contributions to our understanding of NAGY in Virginia, Ellen Dally (formerly, USDA/ARS) for her guidance with molecular protocols, and Dana Melby (Virginia Tech) for her assistance with field work.en
dc.description.sponsorshipVirginia Wine Boarden
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/iey124en
dc.identifier.eissn2250-2645en
dc.identifier.issn1536-2442en
dc.identifier.issue1en
dc.identifier.otheriey124en
dc.identifier.pmid30601997en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/88884en
dc.identifier.volume19en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherLibrary of the University of Arizonaen
dc.rightsCreative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedicationen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/en
dc.subjectartificial dieten
dc.subjectleafhopperen
dc.subjectphytoplasmaen
dc.subjecttransmission analysisen
dc.subjectvectoren
dc.titleJikradia olitoria ([Hemiptera]:[Cicadellidae]) transmits the sequevar NAGYIIIβ phytoplasma strain associated with North American grapevine yellows in artificial feeding assaysen
dc.title.serialJournal of Insect Scienceen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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