The Effects of Gene Editing and Digital Monitoring Tools on Cattle Health and Productivity

Abstract

Gene editing and digital monitoring tools are current advancements that are enhancing cattle health and productivity. Gene editing is a scientific process in which genes are manipulated to alter genetic traits, with the intention of preventing diseases and other harmful factors. CRISPR-Cas9 is the most successful form of modern-day gene editing. The first successful example of its use was on pigs. In this experiment, it was found that CRISPR-Cas9 boosted nutritional quality and increased the rate of production. This justified continuing research and the use of this technology for livestock. However, there is controversy and concerns regarding gene editing, questioning the morality of altering livestock for human benefits. Gene editing leads to improved quality of life and longevity in livestock. Over time, gene editing has become a valuable technique in enhancing cattle health. With the use of modern technology and practices, livestock agriculture continues to develop. Digital monitoring devices used for cattle care and health surveillance are crucial as production in cattle has continued to rise with these tools. An example of these devices is wearable sensors, such as RFID tags, used to monitor cattle behaviors, that ultimately gather data that aligns with visual observations. Another example is the use of automatic feeding and milking systems for cattle to optimize their nutritional health needs daily, which increases overall production and has been implemented on many farms. Gene editing aligns with some of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which focus on global hunger, innovation, and building sustainable food systems. Like gene editing, these digital monitoring tools also address the UN SDG of sustainable consumption and production patterns, since faster production is necessary to keep up with the increase in the human population. These two advancements in veterinary medicine and animal husbandry improve cattle health, which in turn maintains strong production while benefiting humans.