Traditional African range management techniques: Implications for rangeland development

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dc.contributor.authorNiamir, M.en
dc.contributor.departmentSustainable Agriculture and Natural Resource Management (SANREM) Knowledgebaseen
dc.coverage.spatialAfricaen
dc.date.accessioned2016-04-19T19:10:56Zen
dc.date.available2016-04-19T19:10:56Zen
dc.date.issued1991en
dc.descriptionMetadata only recorden
dc.description.abstractChanges to the pastoralists environment have taken the form of encroachment by agricultural farming and national park development, increased population, sedentarization and indiscriminate water development leading to some diversification of production. For those who remain in the pastoral sector four production objectives exist: (i) increase of herd size, (ii) increase of milk yield, (iii) maintenance of appropriate herd structure, and (iv) disease resistance by selective breeding (Monod (1975) Intro. Pastoralism in Tropical Africa, International African Institute. London: Oxford University Press, p75). Large livestock in particular act as an economic security, whilst sheep and goats are kept principally for their meat. Out-migration by the young is responsible for labor shortages and a lack of expertise; this can be combated only by encouraging pastoralists to remain on their land through the development of the sector using a combination of traditional and modern techniques. Labor shortages have resulted in a greater role for women in pastoralism, and it remains to be seen what long term effect this will have. Management of resources involves labor, land and water supplies; the institution of pastoralism is sustained by the formal and informal social controls, dictating access to land and how long should be left between grazing the same piece of land, and these measures avoid the tragedy of the commons. Historically such practices have been enforceable through traditional leadership, the need for social acceptance and the need for reciprocity. A threat is now posed by resource scarcity, the destruction of the local political authorities, urban drift and income disparities. In the past, the majority of research into this area has been carried out by social scientists, and proposes that there is a need for more involvement in the work by physical and biological scientists. --Blench and Marriage Annotated Bibliographyen
dc.description.notesAvailable in SANREM office, FSen
dc.format.mimetypetext/plainen
dc.identifier1851en
dc.identifier.citationODI Pastoral Development Network Paper 31den
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/66423en
dc.language.isoen_USen
dc.publisherUK: Overseas Development Institute (ODI)en
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectNational parksen
dc.subjectCommunity institutionsen
dc.subjectAgricultureen
dc.subjectRangelandsen
dc.subjectSedentarizationen
dc.subjectPastoralismen
dc.subjectIncome diversificationen
dc.subjectNatural resource managementen
dc.subjectWater useen
dc.subjectLivestocken
dc.subjectFarming systemsen
dc.subjectSocial controlsen
dc.subjectLabor shortageen
dc.subjectHerd structuresen
dc.subjectIncreasing populationen
dc.subjectFarm/Enterprise Scale Field Scale Governanceen
dc.titleTraditional African range management techniques: Implications for rangeland developmenten
dc.typeAbstracten
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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