Fueling the Fields: A Comparative Study of Ethanol and Methane in Agricultural Biosystems

Abstract

Ethanol and methane biogas are two options to supply energy to rural communities. Both ethanol and methane are created by converting agricultural biomass into usable and sustainable bioenergy. Ethanol is made from the fermentation of corn and sugarcane. Alternatively, methane biogas is created from the anaerobic digestion of cow manure. Because ethanol and methane are both renewable energy sources, they can fuel rural communities. Using sustainable energy sources brings positive advantages, such as economic stability to rural communities, decreased air pollution, and increased energy security. Although implementing ethanol and methane benefits rural communities, these energy sources also have adverse effects. This literature review will culminate in the benefits and consequences of each fuel. Although these side effects may be unfavorable, the utility of both biogasses is irreplaceable. This connects to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs), which aim to protect the planet. These ambitious global goals claim that climate change and other impending environmental problems will be solved by 2030. These biogasses mitigate the harmful effects of climate change and protect agroecosystems globally.