Quantifying the Benefits and Harms of Connected and Automated Vehicle Technologies to Public Health and Equity

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dc.contributor.authorDadashova, Baharen
dc.contributor.authorSohrabi, Soheilen
dc.contributor.authorKhreis, Haneenen
dc.contributor.authorSener, Ipeken
dc.contributor.authorZmud, Johannaen
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-15T12:16:48Zen
dc.date.available2022-07-15T12:16:48Zen
dc.date.issued2021-07en
dc.description.abstractAutomated Vehicles (AVs) have the potential to improve traffic safety by preventing crashes. The safety implications of AVs can vary across communities with different socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. In this study, we proposed a framework to quantify the potential safety implications of AVs in terms of preventable crashes and fatalities, accounting for some of the safety challenges of AV operation, including AV technologies’ safety effectiveness, system failure risk, and the risk of disengagement from the automated system to manual driving. We further defined an empirical study to examine the proposed framework and investigate inequity in AV potential safety implications. The empirical analysis was conducted using 2017 crash data from the Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas, United States area. The results showed that AVs could potentially prevent up to 50%, 46%, 23%, 6%, and 5% of crashes for automation Levels 5 to 1, respectively. Among advanced driver assistance systems, pedestrian detection, electronic stability control, and lane departure warning showed more significant potential in reducing fatal crashes. We found a U-shaped relationship between the AV-preventable fatalities and household median income and ethnically diverse communities. The findings of this study suggests that low-income and ethnically diverse communities can benefit from AV implementation. The policy recommendations of this research suggest that city and state planning and transportation agencies may consider implementing policies and strategies for making AVs available to low-income and ethnically diverse communities at a lower cost.en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/111258en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherSAFE-D: Safety Through Disruption National University Transportation Centeren
dc.relation.ispartofseriesSafe-D;TTI-Student-06en
dc.rightsCC0 1.0 Universalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/en
dc.subjectautomated vehicles (AVs)en
dc.subjectequityen
dc.subjectadvanced driver assistance systems (ADAS)en
dc.subjectsocioeconomic factorsen
dc.subjecttraffic fatalitiesen
dc.subjecttransportation safetyen
dc.titleQuantifying the Benefits and Harms of Connected and Automated Vehicle Technologies to Public Health and Equityen
dc.typeReporten
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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Safety through Disruption (SAFE-D) University Transportation Center (UTC)
Destination Area: Intelligent Infrastructure for Human-Centered Communities (IIHCC)