Unraveling the riverine antibiotic resistome: The downstream fate of anthropogenic inputs

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dc.contributor.authorLee, Jangwooen
dc.contributor.authorJu, Fengen
dc.contributor.authorMaile-Moskowitz, Ayellaen
dc.contributor.authorBeck, Karinen
dc.contributor.authorMaccagnan, Andreasen
dc.contributor.authorMcArdell, Christa S.en
dc.contributor.authorDal Molin, Marcoen
dc.contributor.authorFenicia, Fabrizioen
dc.contributor.authorVikesland, Peter J.en
dc.contributor.authorPruden, Amyen
dc.contributor.authorStamm, Christianen
dc.contributor.authorBürgmann, Helmuten
dc.contributor.departmentCivil and Environmental Engineeringen
dc.date.accessioned2021-07-27T12:35:49Zen
dc.date.available2021-07-27T12:35:49Zen
dc.date.issued2021-06-01en
dc.description.abstractRiver networks are one of the main routes by which the public could be exposed to environmental sources of antibiotic resistance, that may be introduced e.g. via treated wastewater. In this study, we applied a comprehensive integrated analysis encompassing mass-flow concepts, chemistry, bacterial plate counts, resistance gene quantification and shotgun metagenomics to track the fate of the resistome (collective antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in a microbial community) of treated wastewater in two Swiss rivers at the kilometer scale. The levels of certain ARGs and the class 1 integron integrase gene (intI1) commonly associated with anthropogenic sources of ARGs decreased quickly over short distances (22.5 km) downstream of wastewater discharge points. Mass-flow analysis based on conservative tracers suggested this decrease was attributable mainly to dilution but ARG loadings frequently also decreased (e.g., 55.0-98.5 % for ermB and tetW) over the longest studied distances (6.8 and 13.7 km downstream). Metagenomic analysis confirmed that ARG of wastewater-origin did not persist in rivers after 5 -6.8 km downstream distance. sul1 and intI1 levels and loadings were more variable and even increased sharply at 5 -6.8 km downstream distance on one occasion. While input from agriculture and in-situ positive selection pressure for organisms carrying ARGs cannot be excluded, in-system growth of biomass is a more probable explanation. The potential for direct human exposure to the resistome of wastewater-origin thus appeared to typically abate rapidly in the studied rivers. However, the riverine aquatic resistome was also dynamic, as evidenced by the increase of certain gene markers downstream, without obvious sources of anthropogenic contamination. This study provides new insight into drivers of riverine resistomes and pinpoints key monitoring targets indicative of where human sources and exposures are likely to be most acute.en
dc.description.notesThis study was financially supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation under the National research Programme NRP72 "Antimicrobial resistance", grant 167116 and the U.S. National Science Foundation Partnership in International Research and Education Award 1545756. Dr. Feng Ju received financial support from the NSFC Young Scientists Fund via Project 51908467. We would like to thank to Prof. Alex Hall from ETH Zurich, and Prof. Celia Manaia from Catholic University of Portugal for providing expert advice. We acknowledge technical support from current or former Eawag colleagues, including Patrick Kathriner, Nina Studhalter, Melea Brunner, Lian Yang, Irene Brunner, and Thomas Ruttimann. We also appreciate the support of the Genetic Diversity Centre (GDC) at ETH Zurich for providing us with bioinformatics consultation as well as access to computational resources. We owe special thanks to Dr. Cintia Ramon Casanas from Eawag for giving us her valuable insights on hydrology, and to Heinz Singer of Eawag for help with chemical analysis. Finally, we want to thank to all the personnel from the WWTPs at Villeret and Munchwilen for access to their facilities, help during on-site samplings, and sharing information.en
dc.description.sponsorshipSwiss National Science Foundation under the National research Programme NRP72 "Antimicrobial resistance"Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [167116]; U.S. National Science Foundation Partnership in International Research and Education AwardNational Science Foundation (NSF) [1545756]; NSFCNational Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [51908467]en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.117050en
dc.identifier.eissn1879-2448en
dc.identifier.issn0043-1354en
dc.identifier.other117050en
dc.identifier.pmid33784606en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/104406en
dc.identifier.volume197en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectAntimicrobial resistanceen
dc.subjectWastewateren
dc.subjectRiver systemen
dc.subjectMetagenomicsen
dc.subjectTransporten
dc.subjectDegradationen
dc.titleUnraveling the riverine antibiotic resistome: The downstream fate of anthropogenic inputsen
dc.title.serialWater Researchen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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Scholarly Works, Civil and Environmental Engineering
Destination Area: Global Systems Science (GSS)