Impact of short-term flavanol supplementation on fasting plasma trimethylamine N- oxide concentrations in obese adults

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorAngiletta, Chris J.en
dc.contributor.authorGriffin, Laura E.en
dc.contributor.authorSteele, Cortney N.en
dc.contributor.authorBaer, David J.en
dc.contributor.authorNovotny, Janet A.en
dc.contributor.authorDavy, Kevin P.en
dc.contributor.authorNeilson, Andrew P.en
dc.contributor.departmentFood Science and Technologyen
dc.contributor.departmentHuman Nutrition, Foods, and Exerciseen
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-10T13:52:56Zen
dc.date.available2020-03-10T13:52:56Zen
dc.date.issued2018-10-01en
dc.description.abstractThe gut microbiome metabolizes choline and carnitine to release trimethylamine (TMA), which subsequently undergoes hepatic conversion to trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). Elevated TMAO levels are associated with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality risk. Dietary flavanols modulate the composition and function of the gut microbiome. Therefore, the possibility exists that these compounds could reduce intestinal TMA production and lower circulating TMAO. However, this hypothesis has never been tested in humans. A secondary analysis was performed on blood samples from a clinical study in which obese subjects at risk for insulin resistance consumed tea or cocoa flavanols in a randomized crossover design while consuming a controlled diet. These subjects generally had elevated TMAO levels (approximate to 5 M) compared to levels previously measured in healthy subjects (approximate to 1 M). None of the interventions significantly altered TMAO levels. Individual variability for choline and carnitine was relatively low. However, TMAO exhibited somewhat greater inter-individual variability. No differences in mean TMAO concentrations observed across interventions were seen based on separating subjects by glycemic status, body mass index (BMI), race, age, or gender. However, subject minimum and maximum values observed across the interventions appeared to be more strongly associated with glycemic status and age than mean values across interventions, suggesting that average TMAO values over time may be less useful than maximum or minimum values as markers of disease risk. Traditional physiological characteristics do not appear to predict TMAO responsiveness to flavanol interventions. However, African-American subjects appeared less responsive compared to non-Hispanic white subjects for both green tea and high cocoa treatments, and female subjects appeared less responsive than males for the high cocoa treatment. The present results suggest that a short-term flavanol intervention does not generally reduce fasting TMAO levels in subjects with elevated circulating TMAO.en
dc.description.adminPublic domain – authored by a U.S. government employeeen
dc.description.notesFunding for the present work was provided, in part, by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station and the Hatch Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture (APN, KPD). Funding for the original study was provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (DJB, JAN). Funding for LEG was provided by the Virginia Tech Translational Obesity Research Interdisciplinary Graduate Education program (TOR IGEP).en
dc.description.sponsorshipVirginia Agricultural Experiment Station; Hatch Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Department of AgricultureUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA); Virginia Tech Translational Obesity Research Interdisciplinary Graduate Education program (TOR IGEP)en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1039/c8fo00962gen
dc.identifier.eissn2042-650Xen
dc.identifier.issn2042-6496en
dc.identifier.issue10en
dc.identifier.pmid30264073en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/97283en
dc.identifier.volume9en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCC0 1.0 Universalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/en
dc.titleImpact of short-term flavanol supplementation on fasting plasma trimethylamine N- oxide concentrations in obese adultsen
dc.title.serialFood & Functionen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

Files

Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
c8fo00962g.pdf
Size:
1.22 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download

Collections

Scholarly Works, Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Scholarly Works, Food Science and Technology