NRLMSIS 2.1: An Empirical Model of Nitric Oxide Incorporated Into MSIS

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dc.contributor.authorEmmert, J. T.en
dc.contributor.authorJones, M.en
dc.contributor.authorSiskind, D. E.en
dc.contributor.authorDrob, D. P.en
dc.contributor.authorPicone, J. M.en
dc.contributor.authorStevens, M. H.en
dc.contributor.authorBailey, Scott M.en
dc.contributor.authorBender, S.en
dc.contributor.authorBernath, P. F.en
dc.contributor.authorFunke, B.en
dc.contributor.authorHervig, M. E.en
dc.contributor.authorPerot, K.en
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-04T14:53:17Zen
dc.date.available2023-05-04T14:53:17Zen
dc.date.issued2022-10en
dc.description.abstractWe have developed an empirical model of nitric oxide (NO) number density at altitudes from similar to 73 km to the exobase, as a function of altitude, latitude, day of year, solar zenith angle, solar activity, and geomagnetic activity. The model is part of the NRLMSIS (R) 2.1 empirical model of atmospheric temperature and species densities; this upgrade to NRLMSIS 2.0 consists solely of the addition of NO. MSIS 2.1 assimilates observations from six space-based instruments: UARS/HALOE, SNOE, Envisat/MIPAS, ACE/FTS, Odin/SMR, and AIM/SOFIE. We additionally evaluated the new model against independent extant NO data sets. In this paper, we describe the formulation and fitting of the model, examine biases between the data sets and model and among the data sets, compare with another empirical NO model (NOEM), and discuss scientific aspects of our analysis.en
dc.description.notesWork at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research (including via the Marine Meteorology and Space Weather Program). S. Bender acknowledges support from the Birkeland Centre for Space Science (BCSS), supported by the Research Council of Norway under the Grant No. 223252/F50. The SCIAMACHY project was a national contribution to the ESA Envisat, funded by the German Aerospace (DLR), the Dutch Space Agency, SNO, and the Belgium Ministry. The ACE mission is supported by the Canadian Space Agency. The IAA team acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion of the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades through the project PID2019-110689RB-I00 as well as the Centre of Excellence "Severo Ochoa" award to the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (SEV-2017-0709). Odin is a Swedish-led satellite mission supported by the Swedish National Space Agency (Dnr 20/178 and Dnr 20/88). It is also supported by the European Space Agency as part of the third-party mission program.en
dc.description.sponsorshipOffice of Naval Research (including via the Marine Meteorology and Space Weather Program); Birkeland Centre for Space Science (BCSS) - Research Council of Norway [223252/F50]; German Aerospace (DLR); Dutch Space Agency; SNO; Belgium Ministry; Canadian Space Agency; Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion of the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades [PID2019-110689RB-I00]; Centre of Excellence "Severo Ochoa" [SEV-2017-0709]; Swedish National Space Agency [Dnr 20/178, Dnr 20/88]; European Space Agencyen
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030896en
dc.identifier.eissn2169-9402en
dc.identifier.issue10en
dc.identifier.othere2022JA030896en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/114907en
dc.identifier.volume127en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherAmerican Geophysical Unionen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/en
dc.subjectempiricalen
dc.subjectatmosphereen
dc.subjectmodelen
dc.subjectcompositionen
dc.subjecttemperatureen
dc.subjectnitric oxideen
dc.titleNRLMSIS 2.1: An Empirical Model of Nitric Oxide Incorporated Into MSISen
dc.title.serialJournal of Geophysical Research-Space Physicsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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