Bankfull shear velocity predicts embeddedness and silt cover in gravel streambeds

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dc.contributor.authorCzuba, Jonathan A.en
dc.contributor.authorHirschler, Malloryen
dc.contributor.authorPratt, Elizabeth A.en
dc.contributor.authorVillamagna, Amyen
dc.contributor.authorAngermeier, Paul L.en
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-21T12:35:33Zen
dc.date.available2022-09-21T12:35:33Zen
dc.date.issued2022-01en
dc.description.abstractExcess fine sediment (<2 mm) deposition on gravel streambeds can degrade habitat quality for stream biota. Two measures of fine sediment deposition include embeddedness and silt cover (<62.5 mu m). Embeddedness measures fine sediment in interstitial pore spaces, whereas silt cover, primarily deposited during low flows, measures fine sediment draped on the streambed's surface. Here, we demonstrate that a baseline level of embeddedness and a maximum value of silt cover can be predicted from bankfull shear velocity, which can be estimated from river channel and streamflow characteristics, independently of knowing the sediment supply. We derive an equation for bankfull shear velocity that only requires knowing bankfull flow, channel width, and channel slope, which can be readily obtained in the United States from freely available, remotely sensed data. We apply this methodology to data collected at 30 sites in the Piedmont region of Virginia and North Carolina. This work is an important step in developing statistical models of stream ecosystems in which geophysical variables can predict embeddedness and silt cover, which commonly limit biotic assemblages.en
dc.description.adminPublic domain – authored by a U.S. government employeeen
dc.description.notesNational Fish and Wildlife Foundation; National Institute of Food and Agriculture(United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)National Institute of Food and Agriculture); Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station; Virginia Polytechnic Instituteen
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Fish and Wildlife Foundation [8020.18.059147]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture [1017457]; Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station; Virginia Polytechnic Instituteen
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3878en
dc.identifier.eissn1535-1467en
dc.identifier.issn1535-1459en
dc.identifier.issue1en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/111948en
dc.identifier.volume38en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherWileyen
dc.rightsPublic Domain (U.S.)en
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/en
dc.subjectcolmationen
dc.subjectfine sedimenten
dc.subjectgravel-bed riveren
dc.subjectsediment depositionen
dc.subjectsediment infiltrationen
dc.subjectsediment supplyen
dc.subjectstream habitaten
dc.subjectwinnowingen
dc.titleBankfull shear velocity predicts embeddedness and silt cover in gravel streambedsen
dc.title.serialRiver Research and Applicationsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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Scholarly Works, Biological Systems Engineering
Scholarly Works, Fish and Wildlife Conservation
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