Material properties of skin in the flying snake Chrysopelea ornata

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dc.contributor.authorDellinger, Sarah B.en
dc.contributor.authorDe Vita, Raffaellaen
dc.contributor.authorVlachos, Pavlos P.en
dc.contributor.authorMunoz, Martha M.en
dc.contributor.authorSocha, John J.en
dc.date.accessioned2023-04-11T12:47:33Zen
dc.date.available2023-04-11T12:47:33Zen
dc.date.issued2023-04en
dc.description.abstractIn snakes, the skin serves for protection, camouflage, visual signaling, locomotion, and its ability to stretch facilitates large prey ingestion. The flying snakes of the genus Chrysopelea are capable of jumping and gliding through the air, requiring additional functional demands: its skin must accommodate stretch in multiple directions during gliding and, perhaps more importantly, during high-speed, direct-impact landing. Is the skin of flying snakes specialized for gliding? Here, we characterized the material properties of the skin of Chrysopelea ornata and compared them with two nongliding species of colubrid snakes, Thamnophis sirtalis and Pantherophis guttatus, as well as with previously published values. The skin was examined using uniaxial tensile testing to measure stresses, and digital image correlation methods to determine strains, yielding metrics of strength, elastic modulus, strain energy, and extensibility. To test for loading orientation effects, specimens were tested from three orientations relative to the snake's long axis: lateral, circumferential, and ventral. Specimens were taken from two regions of the body, pre- and pos-tpyloric, to test for regional effects related to the ingestion of large prey. In comparison with T. sirtalis and P. guttatus, C. ornata exhibited higher post-pyloric and lower pre-pyloric extensibility in circumferential specimens. However, overall there were few differences in skin material properties of C. ornata compared to other species, both within and across studies, suggesting that the skin of flying snakes is not specialized for gliding locomotion. Surprisingly, circumferential specimens demonstrated lower strength and extensibility in pre-pyloric skin, suggesting less regional specialization related to large prey.en
dc.description.notesDefense Advanced Research Projects Agency; National Science Foundationen
dc.description.sponsorshipDefense Advanced Research Projects Agency; National Science Foundationen
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1002/jez.2676en
dc.identifier.eissn2471-5646en
dc.identifier.issue3en
dc.identifier.pmid36567430en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/114464en
dc.identifier.volume339en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherWileyen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.subjectelastic modulusen
dc.subjectextensibilityen
dc.subjectflying snakeen
dc.subjectmaterial propertiesen
dc.subjectskinen
dc.subjectstrain energyen
dc.subjectstrengthen
dc.titleMaterial properties of skin in the flying snake Chrysopelea ornataen
dc.title.serialJournal of Experimental Zoology Part A-Ecological and Integrative Physiologyen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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