Interhemispheric Asymmetries in the Ground Magnetic Response to Interplanetary Shocks: The Role of Shock Impact Angle

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dc.contributor.authorXu, Z.en
dc.contributor.authorHartinger, Michael D.en
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Denny M.en
dc.contributor.authorCoyle, Shaneen
dc.contributor.authorClauer, C. Roberten
dc.contributor.authorWeimer, Daniel R.en
dc.contributor.authorEdwards, T. R.en
dc.contributor.departmentElectrical and Computer Engineeringen
dc.date.accessioned2021-01-06T13:38:20Zen
dc.date.available2021-01-06T13:38:20Zen
dc.date.issued2020-03en
dc.description.abstractInterplanetary (IP) shocks drive magnetosphere-ionosphere (MI) current systems that in turn are associated with ground magnetic perturbations. Recent work has shown that IP shock impact angle plays a significant role in controlling the subsequent geomagnetic activity and magnetic perturbations; for example, highly inclined shocks drive asymmetric MI responses due to interhemispherical asymmetric magnetospheric compressions, while almost head-on shocks drive more symmetric MI responses. However, there are few observations confirming that inclined shocks drive such asymmetries in the high-latitude ground magnetic response. We use data from a chain of Antarctic magnetometers, combined with magnetically conjugate stations on the west coast of Greenland, to test these model predictions (Oliveira & Raeder, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JA021147; Oliveira, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13538-016-0472-x). We calculate the time derivative of the magnetic field (partial derivative B/partial derivative t) in each hemisphere separately. Next, we examine the ratio of Northern to Southern Hemisphere partial derivative B/partial derivative t intensities and the time differences between the maximum. partial derivative B/partial derivative t immediately following the impact of IP shocks. We order these results according to shock impact angles obtained from a recently published database with over 500 events and discuss how shock impact angles affect north-south hemisphere asymmetries in the ground magnetic response. We find that the hemisphere the shock strikes first usually has (1) the first response in partial derivative B/partial derivative t and (2) the most intense response in partial derivative B/partial derivative t. Additionally, we show that highly inclined shocks can generate high-latitude ground magnetic responses that differ significantly from predictions based on models that assume symmetric driving conditions.en
dc.description.notesZ. Xu and M.D. Hartinger were supported by NSF1543364 and 1744828. D.M. Oliveira acknowledges the NASA Grant HISFM18-HIF (Heliophysics Innovation Fund). All data used in the analysis are publicly available at the following repositories: AALPIP magnetometer at mist.nianet.org or NASA CDAWeb, DTU 10s Greenland magnetometer data the Tromso Geophysical Observatory at http://flux.phys.uit.no/geomag.html.The shock database is available in the supporting information of publications cited in the text.en
dc.description.sponsorshipNASANational Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) [HISFM18-HIF]; [NSF1543364]; [1744828]; Directorate For GeosciencesNational Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Geosciences (GEO) [1744828] Funding Source: National Science Foundation; Office of Polar Programs (OPP)National Science Foundation (NSF)NSF - Directorate for Geosciences (GEO) [1744828] Funding Source: National Science Foundationen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1029/2019SW002427en
dc.identifier.eissn1542-7390en
dc.identifier.issue3en
dc.identifier.othere2019SW002427en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/101759en
dc.identifier.volume18en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.titleInterhemispheric Asymmetries in the Ground Magnetic Response to Interplanetary Shocks: The Role of Shock Impact Angleen
dc.title.serialSpace Weather-The International Journal of Research And Applicationsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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