Distinctive Expansion of Potential Virulence Genes in the Genome of the Oomycete Fish Pathogen Saprolegnia parasitica

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dc.contributor.authorJiang, Rays H. Y.en
dc.contributor.authorde Bruijn, Ireneen
dc.contributor.authorHaas, Brian J.en
dc.contributor.authorBelmonte, Rodrigoen
dc.contributor.authorLoebach, Larsen
dc.contributor.authorChristie, Jamesen
dc.contributor.authorvan den Ackerveken, Guidoen
dc.contributor.authorBottin, Arnauden
dc.contributor.authorBulone, Vincenten
dc.contributor.authorDiaz-Moreno, Sara M.en
dc.contributor.authorDumas, Bernarden
dc.contributor.authorFan, Linen
dc.contributor.authorGaulin, Elodieen
dc.contributor.authorGovers, Francineen
dc.contributor.authorGrenville-Briggs, Laura J.en
dc.contributor.authorHorner, Neil R.en
dc.contributor.authorLevin, Joshua Z.en
dc.contributor.authorMammella, Marcoen
dc.contributor.authorMeijer, Harold J. G.en
dc.contributor.authorMorris, Paulen
dc.contributor.authorNusbaum, Chaden
dc.contributor.authorOome, Stanen
dc.contributor.authorPhillips, Andrew J.en
dc.contributor.authorvan Rooyen, Daviden
dc.contributor.authorRzeszutek, Elzbietaen
dc.contributor.authorSaraiva, Marciaen
dc.contributor.authorSecombes, Chris J.en
dc.contributor.authorSeidl, Michael F.en
dc.contributor.authorSnel, Berenden
dc.contributor.authorStassen, Joost H. M.en
dc.contributor.authorSykes, Seanen
dc.contributor.authorTripathy, Suchetaen
dc.contributor.authorvan den Berg, Herberten
dc.contributor.authorVega-Arreguin, Julio C.en
dc.contributor.authorWawra, Stephanen
dc.contributor.authorYoung, Sarah K.en
dc.contributor.authorZeng, Qiandongen
dc.contributor.authorDieguez-Uribeondo, Javieren
dc.contributor.authorRuss, Carstenen
dc.contributor.authorTyler, Brett M.en
dc.contributor.authorvan West, Pieteren
dc.date.accessioned2019-10-23T13:31:55Zen
dc.date.available2019-10-23T13:31:55Zen
dc.date.issued2013-06en
dc.description.abstractOomycetes in the class Saprolegniomycetidae of the Eukaryotic kingdom Stramenopila have evolved as severe pathogens of amphibians, crustaceans, fish and insects, resulting in major losses in aquaculture and damage to aquatic ecosystems. We have sequenced the 63 Mb genome of the fresh water fish pathogen, Saprolegnia parasitica. Approximately 1/3 of the assembled genome exhibits loss of heterozygosity, indicating an efficient mechanism for revealing new variation. Comparison of S. parasitica with plant pathogenic oomycetes suggests that during evolution the host cellular environment has driven distinct patterns of gene expansion and loss in the genomes of plant and animal pathogens. S. parasitica possesses one of the largest repertoires of proteases (270) among eukaryotes that are deployed in waves at different points during infection as determined from RNA-Seq data. In contrast, despite being capable of living saprotrophically, parasitism has led to loss of inorganic nitrogen and sulfur assimilation pathways, strikingly similar to losses in obligate plant pathogenic oomycetes and fungi. The large gene families that are hallmarks of plant pathogenic oomycetes such as Phytophthora appear to be lacking in S. parasitica, including those encoding RXLR effectors, Crinkler's, and Necrosis Inducing-Like Proteins (NLP). S. parasitica also has a very large kinome of 543 kinases, 10% of which is induced upon infection. Moreover, S. parasitica encodes several genes typical of animals or animal-pathogens and lacking from other oomycetes, including disintegrins and galactose-binding lectins, whose expression and evolutionary origins implicate horizontal gene transfer in the evolution of animal pathogenesis in S. parasitica.en
dc.description.notesThis work was supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Institute of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, grant 2008-35600-04646 (to BMT); by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain (CGL2009-10032) (JD-U); and by the BBSRC, NERC, The Royal Society, the University of Aberdeen, and the European Union (FP7) for a Marie Curie Initial Training Network award "SAPRO'' (PvW). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.en
dc.description.sponsorshipAgriculture and Food Research Institute of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, [2008-35600-04646]; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, SpainMinistry of Science and Innovation, Spain (MICINN) [CGL2009-10032]; BBSRCBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); NERCNERC Natural Environment Research Council; Royal SocietyRoyal Society of London; University of Aberdeen; European UnionEuropean Union (EU); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) [BB/G012075/1, BB/C518457/1]en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1003272en
dc.identifier.issn1553-7404en
dc.identifier.issue6en
dc.identifier.othere1003272en
dc.identifier.pmid23785293en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/95036en
dc.identifier.volume9en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherPLoSen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.titleDistinctive Expansion of Potential Virulence Genes in the Genome of the Oomycete Fish Pathogen Saprolegnia parasiticaen
dc.title.serialPLOS Geneticsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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