Characterization of Boxwood Shoot Bacterial Communities and Potential Impact from Fungicide Treatments

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dc.contributor.authorLi, Xiaopingen
dc.contributor.authorTseng, Hsien Tzeren
dc.contributor.authorHemmings, Gingeren
dc.contributor.authorOmolehin, Olanikeen
dc.contributor.authorTaylor, Chaden
dc.contributor.authorTaylor, Amandaen
dc.contributor.authorKong, Pingen
dc.contributor.authorDaughtrey, Margeryen
dc.contributor.authorGouker, Freden
dc.contributor.authorHong, Chuanxueen
dc.date.accessioned2023-08-29T14:46:54Zen
dc.date.available2023-08-29T14:46:54Zen
dc.date.issued2023-04en
dc.description.abstractAgrochemicals are important tools for safeguarding plants from invasive pathogens, insects, mites, and weeds. How they may affect the plant microbiome, a critical component of crop health and production, was poorly understood. Phyllosphere bacterial communities play important roles in plant fitness and growth. The objective of this study was to characterize the epiphytic and endophytic bacterial communities of boxwood shoots and determine how they may respond to commonly used fungicides. In early summer and early fall, shoot samples were collected immediately before and 1, 7, and 14days after three fungicides containing chlorothalonil and/or propiconazole were applied to the canopy. Total genomic DNA from shoot surface washings and surface-sterilized shoot tissues was used as the template for 16S rRNA metabarcoding, and the amplicons were sequenced on a Nanopore MinION sequencer to characterize the epiphytic and endophytic communities. The bacterial communities were phylogenetically more diverse on the boxwood shoot surface than in the internal tissue, although the two communities shared 12.7% of the total 1,649 identified genera. The most abundant epiphytes were Methylobacterium and Pantoea, while Stenotrophomonas and Brevundimonas were the dominant endophytes. Fungicide treatments had strong impacts on epiphytic bacterial community structure and composition. Analysis of compositions of microbiomes with bias correction (ANCOM-BC) and analysis of variance (ANOVA)-like differential expression (ALDEx2) together identified 312 and 1,362 epiphytes changed in abundance due to fungicide treatments in early summer and early fall, respectively, and over 50% of these epiphytes were negatively impacted by fungicide. The two chlorothalonil-based contact fungicides demonstrated more marked effects than the propiconazole-based systemic fungicide. These results are foundational for exploring and utilizing the full potential of the microbiome and fungicide applications and developing a systems approach to boxwood health and production. IMPORTANCE Agrochemicals are important tools for safeguarding plants from invasive pathogens, insects, mites, and weeds. How they may affect the plant microbiome, a critical component of crop health and production, was poorly understood. Here, we used boxwood, an iconic low-maintenance landscape plant, to characterize shoot epiphytic and endophytic bacterial communities and their responses to contact and systemic fungicides. This study expanded our understanding of the above-ground microbiome in ornamental plants and is foundational for utilizing the full benefits of the microbiome in concert with different fungicide chemistries to improve boxwood health. This study also sets an example for a more thorough evaluation of these and other agrochemicals for their effects on boxwood microbiomes during production and offers an expanded systems approach that could be used with other crops for enhanced integrated pest management.en
dc.description.notesThis research publication is based upon work that was supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), under award number 2020-51181-32135, while the findings and conclusions expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the USDA view.en
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) [2020-51181-32135]en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.04163-22en
dc.identifier.issn2165-0497en
dc.identifier.issue2en
dc.identifier.othere04163-22en
dc.identifier.pmid36853063en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/116155en
dc.identifier.volume11en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherAmerican Society for Microbiologyen
dc.rightsPublic Domain (U.S.)en
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/en
dc.subjectphyllosphere microbiomeen
dc.subjectchlorothalonilen
dc.subjectpropiconazoleen
dc.subjectenvironmental microbiologyen
dc.subjectboxwood healthen
dc.subjectsystems approachen
dc.subjectintegrated pest managementen
dc.subjectNanopore sequencingen
dc.titleCharacterization of Boxwood Shoot Bacterial Communities and Potential Impact from Fungicide Treatmentsen
dc.title.serialMicrobiology Spectrumen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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