How wind drives the correlation between leaf shape and mechanical properties

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorLouf, Jean-Francoisen
dc.contributor.authorNelson, Loganen
dc.contributor.authorKang, Hosungen
dc.contributor.authorSong, Pierre Ntohen
dc.contributor.authorZehnbauer, Timen
dc.contributor.authorJung, Sunghwanen
dc.contributor.departmentBiomedical Engineering and Mechanicsen
dc.date.accessioned2018-12-07T20:25:04Zen
dc.date.available2018-12-07T20:25:04Zen
dc.date.issued2018-11-05en
dc.description.abstractFrom a geometrical point of view, a non-sessile leaf is composed of two parts: a large flat plate called the lamina, and a long beam called the petiole which connects the lamina to the branch/stem. While wind is exerting force (e.g. drag) on the lamina, the petiole undergoes twisting and bending motions. To survive in harsh abiotic conditions, leaves may have evolved to form in different shapes, resulting from a coupling between the lamina geometry and the petiole mechanical properties. In this study, we measure the shape of laminae from 120 simple leaf species (no leaflets). Leaves of the same species are found to be geometrically similar regardless of their size. From tensile/torsional tests, we characterize the bending rigidity (EI) and the twisting rigidity (GJ) of 15 petioles of 4 species in the Spring/Summer: Red Oak (Quercus Rubra), American Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), Yellow Poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), and Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum). A twist-to-bend ratio EI/GJ is found to be around 4.3, within the range in previous studies conducted on similar species (EI/GJ = 2.7 similar to 8.0 reported in S. Vogel, 1992). In addition, we develop a simple energetic model to find a relation between geometrical shapes and mechanical properties (EI/GJ = 2L(L)/W-C where L-L is the laminar length and W-C is the laminar width), verified with experimental data. Lastly, we discuss leaf's ability to reduce stress at the stem-petiole junction by choosing certain geometry, and also present exploratory results on the effect that seasons have on the Young's and twisting moduli.en
dc.description.notesThis research was supported by National Science Foundation Grant CBET-1604424. Hosung Kang was supported by the Postdoctoral Research Program of Sungkyunkwan University (2015).en
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Science Foundation [CBET-1604424]; Sungkyunkwan Universityen
dc.format.extent7 pagesen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34588-0en
dc.identifier.issn2045-2322en
dc.identifier.other16314en
dc.identifier.pmid30397247en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/86267en
dc.identifier.volume8en
dc.language.isoen_USen
dc.publisherSpringer Natureen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectpetiolesen
dc.subjectleavesen
dc.subjectLighten
dc.subjectinclinationen
dc.subjectmorphologyen
dc.subjectsupporten
dc.subjectplantsen
dc.titleHow wind drives the correlation between leaf shape and mechanical propertiesen
dc.title.serialScientific Reportsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

Files

Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
s41598-018-34588-0.pdf
Size:
1.35 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download

Collections

Scholarly Works, Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics