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Genetic Structure of Maryland Brook Trout Populations: Management Implications for a Threatened Species

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dc.contributor.authorMorgan, Raymond P. IIen
dc.contributor.authorKazyak, David C.en
dc.contributor.authorKing, Tim L.en
dc.contributor.authorLubinski, Barbara A.en
dc.contributor.authorSell, Matthew T.en
dc.contributor.authorHeft, Alan A.en
dc.contributor.authorJones, Jess W.en
dc.contributor.departmentFish and Wildlife Conservationen
dc.coverage.stateMarylanden
dc.date.accessioned2021-07-21T17:46:10Zen
dc.date.available2021-07-21T17:46:10Zen
dc.date.issued2021-03-23en
dc.description.abstractBrook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis have declined across their native range due to multiple anthropogenic factors, including landscape alteration and climate change. Although coldwater streams in Maryland (eastern United States) historically supported significant Brook Trout populations, only fragmented remnant populations remain, with the exception of the upper Savage River watershed in western Maryland. Using microsatellite data from 38 collections, we defined genetic relationships of Brook Trout populations in Maryland drainages. Microsatellite analyses of Brook Trout indicated the presence of five major discrete units defined as the Youghiogheny (Ohio), Susquehanna, Patapsco/Gunpowder, Catoctin, and Upper Potomac, with a distinct genetic subunit present in the Savage River (upper Potomac). We did not observe evidence for widespread hatchery introgression with native Brook Trout. However, genetic effects due to fragmentation were evident in several Maryland Brook Trout populations, resulting in erosion of diversity that may have negative implications for their future persistence. Our current study supplements an increasing body of evidence that Brook Trout populations in Maryland are highly susceptible to multiple anthropogenic stresses, and many populations may be extirpated in the near future. Future management efforts focused on habitat protection and potential stream restoration, coupled with a comprehensive assessment framework that includes genetic considerations, may provide the best outlook for Brook Trout populations in Maryland.en
dc.description.notesThis paper is dedicated to the memories of Dr. Tim L. King and Mr. George V. Krantz. This research was partially supported by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Division through grant number K00P8001699 to R.P.M. Matt Kline, Katie Kline, Donna Gates, Matt Hall, Amy Hall, Bill Marsh, Jamie Welch, Derek Wiley, Abby Burke, Mark Staley, Todd Heerd, and Adam Eshleman provided either field or laboratory assistance. We thank John Beachy and King's Tree Farm for access to private property. We acknowledge those individuals who collected Brook Trout from hatcheries and populations outside of Maryland, including Brendan Annett, Merry Gallagher, Robert Fawcett, Diane Timmins, Pat Hamilton, Chris Van Maaren, Richard Preall, Roger McPherson, Pat Mazik, Todd Petty, Mariya Schilz, and Tom Oldham. Michael Eackles and Robin Johnson helped with processing samples at the USGS Leetown Science Center. We appreciate the input of Eric Hallerman on statistical analyses of microsatellites, the insight of David Krantz on Maryland stream capture processes, and the cartography expertise of Steven Guinn for mapping. Appreciation is expressed for all anonymous reviewers and the North American Journal of Fisheries Management associate editor and editor. For the internal USGS review process, Amy Welsh and an anonymous reviewer provided extremely constructive comments. Thanks to Hoagy Carmichael and Aaron Copeland for intellectual inspiration and to Basil Hayden for spiritual stimulation. The use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply any endorsements by the U.S. Government or the University of Maryland. R.P.M. and D.C.K. contributed equally to senior authorship of this paper. This is contribution number 5989 from the Appalachian Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. There is no conflict of interest declared in this article.en
dc.description.sponsorshipMaryland Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Division [K00P8001699]en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10618en
dc.identifier.eissn1548-8675en
dc.identifier.issn0275-5947en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/104247en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.titleGenetic Structure of Maryland Brook Trout Populations: Management Implications for a Threatened Speciesen
dc.title.serialNorth American Journal of Fisheries Managementen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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