Correlation of Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes in Irrigation Water to Environmental Factors, Fecal Indicators, and Bacterial Communities

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dc.contributor.authorGu, Ganyuen
dc.contributor.authorStrawn, Laura K.en
dc.contributor.authorOttesen, Andrea R.en
dc.contributor.authorRamachandran, Padminien
dc.contributor.authorReed, Elizabeth A.en
dc.contributor.authorZheng, Jieen
dc.contributor.authorBoyer, Renee R.en
dc.contributor.authorRideout, Steven L.en
dc.contributor.departmentVirginia Agricultural Experiment Stationen
dc.contributor.departmentFood Science and Technologyen
dc.date.accessioned2021-03-04T18:37:13Zen
dc.date.available2021-03-04T18:37:13Zen
dc.date.issued2021-01-08en
dc.description.abstractOutbreaks of foodborne illnesses linked to fresh fruits and vegetables have been key drivers behind a wide breadth of research aiming to fill data gaps in our understanding of the total ecology of agricultural water sources such as ponds and wells and the relationship of this ecology to foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes. Both S. enterica and L. monocytogenes can persist in irrigation water and have been linked to produce contamination events. Data describing the abundance of these organisms in specific agricultural water sources are valuable to guide water treatment measures. Here, we profiled the culture independent water microbiota of four farm ponds and wells correlated with microbiological recovery of S. enterica (prevalence: pond, 19.4%; well, 3.3%), L. monocytogenes (pond, 27.1%; well, 4.2%) and fecal indicator testing. Correlation between abiotic factors, including water parameters (temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen percentage, oxidation reduction potential, and turbidity) and weather (temperature and rainfall), and foodborne pathogens were also evaluated. Although abiotic factors did not correlate with recovery of S. enterica or L. monocytogenes (p > 0.05), fecal indicators were positively correlated with incidence of S. enterica in well water. Bacterial taxa such as Sphingomonadaceae and Hymenobacter were positively correlated with the prevalence and population of S. enterica, and recovery of L. monocytogenes was positively correlated with the abundance of Rhizobacter and Comamonadaceae (p < 0.03). These data will support evolving mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of produce contamination by foodborne pathogens through irrigation.en
dc.description.adminPublic domain – authored by a U.S. government employeeen
dc.description.notesThis research was funded by the Center for Produce Safety (CPS), FDA, and an integrated, internal competitive grant from VAES, VCE, and CALS at Virginia Tech.en
dc.description.sponsorshipCenter for Produce Safety (CPS), FDA; VAES at Virginia Tech; VCE at Virginia Tech; CALS at Virginia Techen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.557289en
dc.identifier.issn1664-302Xen
dc.identifier.other557289en
dc.identifier.pmid33488530en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/102609en
dc.identifier.volume11en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsPublic Domainen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/en
dc.subjectbacterial communitiesen
dc.subjectABIOTIC factorsen
dc.subjectirrigation wateren
dc.subjectListeria monocytogenesen
dc.subjectSalmonellaen
dc.titleCorrelation of Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes in Irrigation Water to Environmental Factors, Fecal Indicators, and Bacterial Communitiesen
dc.title.serialFrontiers in Microbiologyen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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Scholarly Works, Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station
Destination Area: Global Systems Science (GSS)
Scholarly Works, Food Science and Technology