Common Postharvest Winter Squash Diseases and Storage Practices: A Diagnostic Guide for Producers Supplying Appalachian Sustainable Development

Abstract

Winter squash is a stable crop within Appalachian Sustainable Development's food box programs due to its long shelf-life high nutritional value and consumer appeal. However, post-harvest losses caused by fungal and oomycete pathogens during curing and storage present a significant challenge for small scale producers supplying these markets. These losses reduce marketable yield, increase economic strain on growers, and limit the availability of high-quality produce for regional food access initiatives. The objective of this literature-based project was to synthesize current research on winter squash post-harvest diseases and storage practices with emphasis on identifying practical, science-based strategies to reduce storage right at the producer level prior to distribution. Peer-reviewed literature and extension publications were reviewed to evaluate common post-harvest pathogens including a series of Fusarium, Pythium, Phytophthora, and Botrytis, as well as environmental and handling factors influencing disease development. Particular attention was given to curing practices, temperature and humidity management, sanitation, and mechanical injury prevention. The literature indicates that inadequate curing conditions physical damage during handling and excessive moisture are primary contributors to post harvest decay. Evidence also suggests that modest improvements in storage management and sanitation can significantly extend storage life and reduce disease incidence. This project highlights the importance of accessible, producer focused education on post-harvest disease prevention and winter squash by consolidating existing research into clear and actionable recommendations this work supports local food systems while improving profitability product quality and sustainability for Appalachian growers.