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The determination of a dimensional spare out area for package closure placement

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dc.contributor.authorKuhn, Gregory J.en
dc.contributor.committeechairYoungman, Roger R.en
dc.contributor.committeememberPienkowski, Robert L.en
dc.contributor.committeememberPfeiffer, Douglas G.en
dc.contributor.departmentSystems Engineeringen
dc.date.accessioned2014-03-14T21:47:52Zen
dc.date.adate2009-10-22en
dc.date.available2014-03-14T21:47:52Zen
dc.date.issued1994-05-13en
dc.date.rdate2009-10-22en
dc.date.sdate2009-10-22en
dc.description.abstractThe risk of corn rootworm damage to continuously-grown corn was assessed in 32 fields from seven counties in Virginia in 1993 and 1994, Approximately 28% of the fields examined had economic root damage in corn left untreated with a soil insecticide. In addition, 19% of the fields overall had an economic loss in silage due to corn rootworm damage. A second study evaluated the effectiveness of using adult corn rootworm counts on commercial Olson yellow sticky traps and ear-zone regions of corn plants to predict subsequent damage to corn. Regression models for each sampling method were used to calculate economic thresholds of 20 adults per trap per wk for the Olson trap and 0.3 adults per stalk for the ear-zone visual count method. Adult counts on Olson traps obtained in mid-Aug correctly predicted economic damage to com 81% of the time; and resulted in only one serious error of failing to predict economic damage to corn. A sampling plan for the use of Olson traps is suggested. A third study investigated a possible sexual dimorphism in the elytra coloration pattern of western corn rootworm, and compared the sex ratio of adults captured yellow sticky traps with those obtained by aspiration. Striped and solid variations in elytra pattern were found in both sexes of western corn rootworm; however, 98% of the adults that exhibited the solid elytra pattern were male. The sex ratio of adults varied over time; however, in all cases, sticky traps captured a significantly greater proportion of males compared with aspiration.en
dc.description.degreeMaster of Scienceen
dc.format.extentviii, 76 leavesen
dc.format.mediumBTDen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.otheretd-10222009-124837en
dc.identifier.sourceurlhttp://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10222009-124837/en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/45225en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.relation.haspartLD5655.V851_1994.K846.pdfen
dc.relation.isformatofOCLC# 31469029en
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subject.lccLD5655.V851 1994.K846en
dc.subject.lcshPackaging -- Designen
dc.titleThe determination of a dimensional spare out area for package closure placementen
dc.typeMaster's projecten
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
thesis.degree.disciplineSystems Engineeringen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.levelmastersen
thesis.degree.nameMaster of Scienceen

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