Humanistic Approach in Designing Mobile Applications for Refugees and Immigrants

Abstract

In this case study, a human-centered, community-based approach to creating mobile applications that help refugees and immigrants navigate the U.S. citizenship process is explored. Developed by Dr. Sweta Baniya and co-creators, the case is about the "100 CIVICs Questions" mobile app—an accessible, multi-lingual study aid created by and for refugee communities in southwest Virginia. By participatory design methods, the research team conducted focus groups, worked together to create prototypes, and incorporated user feedback to counteract systemic barriers such as low digital literacy, poor English language skills, and no access to the internet. The case is grounded in digital justice and knowledge-justice paradigms, emphasizing epistemic integration—recognizing the lived experience and knowledge of marginalized groups. The practice can be seen to go beyond utility as a form of intervention into unequal regimes of technology that consistently disregard the interests of BIPOC, immigrant, and displaced individuals. It demonstrates how technology design grounded in the humanities can foster equitable access, cultural responsiveness, and democratic engagement. In terms of digital literacy, cybersecurity, and civic engagement, the research encourages a remaking of access and justice in digital tool design.