Understanding Strong Neutral Vertical Winds and Ionospheric Responses to the 2015 St. Patrick's Day Storm Using TIEGCM Driven by Data-Assimilated Aurora and Electric Fields
dc.contributor.author | Lu, Xian | en |
dc.contributor.author | Wu, Haonan | en |
dc.contributor.author | Kaeppler, Stephen | en |
dc.contributor.author | Meriwether, John | en |
dc.contributor.author | Nishimura, Yukitoshi | en |
dc.contributor.author | Wang, Wenbin | en |
dc.contributor.author | Li, Jintai | en |
dc.contributor.author | Shi, Xueling | en |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-03-27T17:05:51Z | en |
dc.date.available | 2023-03-27T17:05:51Z | en |
dc.date.issued | 2023-02 | en |
dc.description.abstract | As one of the strongest geomagnetic storms in Solar Cycle 24, the 2015 St. Patrick's Day storm has attracted significant attention. We revisit this event by taking advantage of simultaneous observations of high-latitude forcings (aurora and electric fields) and ionosphere-thermosphere (I-T) responses. The forcing terms are assimilated to drive the Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) using a newly adopted Lattice Kriging method (Wu & Lu, 2022, https://doi. org/10.1029/2021SW002880; Wu et al., 2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003146). Compared to the default run, the TIEGCM simulation with assimilation captures: (a) secondary E-region electron density peak due to aurora intensification; (b) strongly elevated ion temperatures (up to similar to 3000 K) accompanied by a strong northward electric field (similar to 80 mV/m) and associated ion frictional heating; (c) elevation of electron temperatures; and (d) substantially enhanced neutral vertical winds (order of 50 m/s). Root-mean-square errors decrease by 30%-50%. The strong neutral upwelling is caused by large Joule heating down to similar to 120 km resulting from enhanced aurora and electric field. Data assimilation increases the height-integrated Joule heating at Poker Flat to a level of 50-100 mW/m2 while globally, its maximum value is comparable with the default run: the location of energy deposition becomes guided by data. Traveling atmospheric disturbances in the assimilation run show stronger magnitudes and larger extension leading to an increase of vertical wind variability by a factor of similar to 1.5-3. Our work demonstrates that data assimilation of model drivers helps produce realistic storm-time I-T responses, which show richer dynamic range, scales, and variability than what has been simulated before. | en |
dc.description.notes | We are grateful of the valuable discussion with Qiong Zhang, Whitney Huang, and Xiyan Tan at Clemson University concerning the data assimilation. We thank Donald Hampton and Mark Conde at University of Alaska Fairbanks for providing the FPI data. Xian Lu and Haonan Wu's work is supported by NASA Grants 80NSSC22K0018, NNX17AG10G, 80NSSC22K1010, 80NSSCK19K0810, and NSF Grants AGS-2149695, AGS-2012994, CAREER-1753214. Yukitoshi Nishimura's work is supported by NASA Grant 80NSSC18K0657, 80NSSC20K0604, 80NSSC20K0725, 80NSSC21K1321, and 80NSSC19K0546, NSF Grant AGS-1907698 and AGS-2100975, and AFOSR grant FA9559-16-1-0364. Wenbin Wang's work is supported in part by NASA Grants 80NSSC19K0080, 80NSSC20K0356, 80NSSC19K0835, 80NSSC20K0601 and NSF Grant AGS-2033843. | en |
dc.description.sponsorship | NASA [80NSSC22K0018, NNX17AG10G, 80NSSC22K1010, 80NSSCK19K0810, 80NSSC21K1321, 80NSSC19K0546, 80NSSC19K0080, 80NSSC20K0356, 80NSSC19K0835, CAREER-1753214, AGS-1907698, AGS-2100975, AGS-2033843]; NSF [80NSSC18K0657, 80NSSC20K0604, 80NSSC20K0725, 80NSSC20K0601, AGS-2149695, FA9559-16-1-0364]; AFOSR [AGS-2012994] | en |
dc.description.version | Published version | en |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | en |
dc.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003308 | en |
dc.identifier.eissn | 1542-7390 | en |
dc.identifier.issue | 2 | en |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10919/114186 | en |
dc.identifier.volume | 21 | en |
dc.language.iso | en | en |
dc.publisher | American Geophysical Union | en |
dc.rights | Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International | en |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | en |
dc.subject | space weather modeling | en |
dc.subject | data assimilation | en |
dc.subject | aurora and electric fields | en |
dc.subject | TIEGCM | en |
dc.subject | PFISR and SuperDARN | en |
dc.subject | THEMIS ASIs | en |
dc.title | Understanding Strong Neutral Vertical Winds and Ionospheric Responses to the 2015 St. Patrick's Day Storm Using TIEGCM Driven by Data-Assimilated Aurora and Electric Fields | en |
dc.title.serial | Space Weather-The International Journal of Research and Applications | en |
dc.type | Article - Refereed | en |
dc.type.dcmitype | Text | en |
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