Food Waste in the National School Lunch Program 1978-2015: A Systematic Review

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dc.contributor.authorByker Shanks, Carmenen
dc.contributor.authorBanna, Jinanen
dc.contributor.authorSerrano, Elena L.en
dc.contributor.departmentHuman Nutrition, Foods, and Exerciseen
dc.date.accessioned2019-09-19T13:06:52Zen
dc.date.available2019-09-19T13:06:52Zen
dc.date.issued2017-11en
dc.description.abstractBackground Food waste studies have been used for more than 40 years to assess nutrient intake, dietary quality, menu performance, food acceptability, cost, and effectiveness of nutrition education in the National School Lunch Program (NSLP). Objective Describe methods used to measure food waste and respective results in the NSLP across time. Methods A systematic review using PubMed, Science Direct, Informaworld, and Institute of Scientific Information Web of Knowledge was conducted using the following search terms: waste, school lunch, plate waste, food waste, kitchen, half method, quarter method, weight, and photography. Studies published through June 2015 were included. The systematic review followed preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses recommendations. Results The final review included 53 articles. Food waste methodologies included inperson visual estimation (n = 11), digital photography (n = 11), direct weighing (n = 23), and a combination of in-person visual estimation, digital photography, and/or direct weighing (n = 8). A majority of studies used a preepost intervention or cross-sectional design. Fruits and vegetables were the most researched dietary component on the lunch tray and yielded the greatest amount of waste across studies. Conclusions Food waste is commonly assessed in the NSLP, but the methods are diverse and reporting metrics are variable. Future research should focus on establishing more uniform metrics to measure and report on food waste in the NSLP. Consistent food waste measurement methods will allow for better comparisons between studies. Such measures may facilitate better decision making about NSLP practices, programs, and policies that influence student consumption patterns across settings and interventions.en
dc.description.notesResearch reported in this publication was partially supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award nos. P20GM103474 and 5P20GM104417. Research reported in this publication was partially supported by Cornell Behavioral Economics in Child Nutrition Programs (BEN) Center Grants Program under award no. 77867-10660. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health or Cornell BEN Center.en
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [P20GM103474, 5P20GM104417]; Cornell Behavioral Economics in Child Nutrition Programs (BEN) Center Grants Program [77867-10660]en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2017.06.008en
dc.identifier.eissn2212-2680en
dc.identifier.issn2212-2672en
dc.identifier.issue11en
dc.identifier.pmid28807638en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/93768en
dc.identifier.volume117en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.subjectFood wasteen
dc.subjectPlate wasteen
dc.subjectSchool lunchen
dc.subjectConsumptionen
dc.subjectDieten
dc.titleFood Waste in the National School Lunch Program 1978-2015: A Systematic Reviewen
dc.title.serialJournal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dieteticsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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