Environmental Persistence of Influenza Viruses Is Dependent upon Virus Type and Host Origin

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dc.contributor.authorKormuth, Karen A.en
dc.contributor.authorLin, Kaisenen
dc.contributor.authorQian, Zhihongen
dc.contributor.authorMyerburg, Michael M.en
dc.contributor.authorMarr, Linsey C.en
dc.contributor.authorLakdawala, Seema S.en
dc.contributor.departmentCivil and Environmental Engineeringen
dc.date.accessioned2019-08-22T12:48:17Zen
dc.date.available2019-08-22T12:48:17Zen
dc.date.issued2019-08-21en
dc.description.abstractHighly transmissible influenza viruses (IV) must remain stable and infectious under a wide range of environmental conditions following release from the respiratory tract into the air. Understanding how expelled IV persist in the environment is critical to limiting the spread of these viruses. Little is known about how the stability of different IV in expelled aerosols is impacted by exposure to environmental stressors, such as relative humidity (RH). Given that not all IV are equally capable of efficient airborne transmission in people, we anticipated that not all IV would respond uniformly to ambient RH. Therefore, we have examined the stability of human-pathogenic seasonal and avian IV in suspended aerosols and stationary droplets under a range of RH conditions. H3N2 and influenza B virus (IBV) isolates are resistant to RH-dependent decay in aerosols in the presence of human airway surface liquid, but we observed strain-dependent variations in the longevities of H1N1, H3N2, and IBV in droplets. Surprisingly, low-pathogenicity avian influenza H6N1 and H9N2 viruses, which cause sporadic infections in humans but are unable to transmit person to person, demonstrated a trend toward increased sensitivity at midrange to high-range RH. Taken together, our observations suggest that the levels of vulnerability to decay at midrange RH differ with virus type and host origin.en
dc.description.notesWe thank the Lakdawala and Marr laboratory members for helpful discussions and review of drafts of the manuscript and are grateful for support from the Clinical and Translational Science Institute at the University of Pittsburgh for statistical analysis of the results.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants 1R01AI139063-01A1, K22 AI108600-01, and T32 AI049820; by an American Lung Association Biomedical Research Grant; by a New Initiative Award from the Charles E. Kaufman Foundation; by a supporting organization of The Pittsburgh Foundation; and by the Tsinghua Education Foundation of North America. Additional support was provided by the NIH Director’s New Innovator Award Program (1-DP2-A1112243) and by the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Research Development Program to the University of Pittsburgh. This project was also supported in part by the NIH through grant number UL1-TR-001857.en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00552-19en
dc.identifier.issn2379-5042en
dc.identifier.issue4en
dc.identifier.othere00552-19en
dc.identifier.pmid31434749en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/93216en
dc.identifier.volume4en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherAmerican Society for Microbiologyen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectaerosolsen
dc.subjectdropletsen
dc.subjectinfluenza virusen
dc.subjectpersistenceen
dc.subjectrelative humidityen
dc.titleEnvironmental Persistence of Influenza Viruses Is Dependent upon Virus Type and Host Originen
dc.title.serialmSphereen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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