Fire blight resistance, irrigation and conducive wet weather improve Erwinia amylovora winter survival in cankers

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dc.contributor.authorSantander, Ricardo D.en
dc.contributor.authorKhodadadi, Fatemehen
dc.contributor.authorMeredith, Christopher L.en
dc.contributor.authorRadenovic, Zeljkoen
dc.contributor.authorClements, Jonen
dc.contributor.authorAćimović, Srđan G.en
dc.date.accessioned2023-04-28T14:47:17Zen
dc.date.available2023-04-28T14:47:17Zen
dc.date.issued2022-10en
dc.description.abstractErwinia amylovora causes fire blight, a disease responsible for enormous economic losses in the pome fruit-producing areas where it is present. Despite the abundant research on fire blight, information about E. amylovora population dynamics and survival in fire blight cankers and the plant defense responses to this pathogen in the infected bark are limited. In our study, we obtained fire blight cankers in apple, pear, and Asian pear cultivars showing differing resistance to the disease by shoot inoculation with E. amylovora. We collected cankers from irrigated and non-irrigated trees every 3 months in two independent field experiments and analyzed samples by viability digital PCR. We also assessed the expression of pathogenicity-related (PR) genes in the bark of selected apple and Asian pear cultivars. A logistic regression analysis revealed the impact of environmental and host factors on E. amylovora detection rates in cankers. The chances of detecting live E. amylovora cells in cankers increased significantly in those collected from irrigated trees, in July, and/or during an experiment performed in a year with an expected average rainfall when compared to samples from non-irrigated trees, collected in January, and/or during an experiment performed under environmental conditions dominated by drought. We found a positive correlation between the pathogen detection rates in cankers and the host resistance to fire blight that might be explained by lower E. amylovora survival rates in more damaged tissues of susceptible hosts. The genes PR-1, PR-2, PR-5, and PR-8 were induced in the bark surrounding apple and Asian pear fire blight cankers. Our study, involving the analysis of more than 800 canker samples, provides new knowledge about the fire blight disease cycle and lays the foundation for improved fire blight management and eradication strategies in pome fruit orchards.en
dc.description.notesThis material is based upon work supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture through New York State Specialty Crop Block Grant Program, project number SCG 82535/A001-SCG 17 005 to SGA in 2017, and by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch/Multi-State Project W4185, under Accession Number 1014444 Project Number NYG-625857, to SGA in 2017. This work was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch Project Accession Number 1020561 to SGA, in 2019.en
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Institute of Food and Agriculture through New York State Specialty Crop Block Grant Program; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch/Multi-State Project [SCG 82535/A001-SCG 17 005]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [1014444, NYG-625857]; [1020561]en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1009364en
dc.identifier.eissn1664-302Xen
dc.identifier.other1009364en
dc.identifier.pmid36329850en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/114850en
dc.identifier.volume13en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherFrontiersen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectviability dPCRen
dc.subjectpropidium monoazideen
dc.subjectpathogen detectionen
dc.subjectirrigationen
dc.subjectsymptom severityen
dc.subjectpathogenicity related proteinsen
dc.subjectgene expressionen
dc.subjectpathogen population dynamicsen
dc.titleFire blight resistance, irrigation and conducive wet weather improve Erwinia amylovora winter survival in cankersen
dc.title.serialFrontiers in Microbiologyen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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