Measurement placement in electric power transmission and distribution grids: Review of concepts, methods, and research needs

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dc.contributor.authorNetto, Marcosen
dc.contributor.authorKrishnan, Venkaten
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Yingchenen
dc.contributor.authorMili, Lamine M.en
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-19T17:26:21Zen
dc.date.available2022-09-19T17:26:21Zen
dc.date.issued2022-03en
dc.description.abstractSensing and measurement systems are quintessential to the safe and reliable operation of electric power grids. Their strategic placement is of ultimate importance because it is not economically viable to install measurement systems on every node and branch of a power grid, though they need to be monitored. An overwhelming number of strategies have been developed to meet oftentimes multiple conflicting objectives. The prime challenge in formulating the problem lies in developing a heuristic or an optimisation model that, though mathematically tractable and constrained in cost, leads to trustworthy technical solutions. Further, large-scale, long-term deployments pose additional challenges because the boundary conditions change as technologies evolve. For instance, the advent of new technologies in sensing and measurement, as well as in communications and networking, might impact the cost and performance of available solutions and shift initially set conditions. Also, the placement strategies developed for transmission grids might not be suitable for distribution grids, and vice versa, because of unique characteristics; therefore, the strategies need to be flexible, to a certain extent, because no two power grids are alike. Despite the extensive literature on the present topic, the focus of published works tends to be on a specific subject, such as the optimal placement of measurements to ensure observability in transmission grids. There is a dearth of work providing a comprehensive picture for developing optimal placement strategies. Because of the ongoing efforts on the modernisation of electric power grids, there is a need to consolidate the status quo while exposing its limitations to inform policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers on the research-and-development needs to push the boundaries for innovation. Accordingly, this paper first reviews the state-of-the-art considering both transmission and distribution grids. Then, it consolidates the key factors to be considered in the problem formulation. Finally, it provides a set of perspectives on the measurement placement problem, and it concludes with future research directions.en
dc.description.notesNationalRenewable Energy Laboratory, Laboratory DirectedResearch andDevelopment; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Electricity, Advanced Grid Research andDevelopmenten
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Renewable Energy Laboratory, Laboratory Directed Research and Development; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Electricity, Advanced Grid Research and Developmenten
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.12336en
dc.identifier.eissn1751-8695en
dc.identifier.issn1751-8687en
dc.identifier.issue5en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/111857en
dc.identifier.volume16en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherIETen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectoptimal pmu placementen
dc.subjectmeasurement unit placementen
dc.subjectphasor measurement unitsen
dc.subjectsystem state estimationen
dc.subjectbad data detectionen
dc.subjectmeter placementen
dc.subjectobservability analysisen
dc.subjectmeasurement devicesen
dc.subjectgenetic algorithmen
dc.subjectharmonic sourcesen
dc.titleMeasurement placement in electric power transmission and distribution grids: Review of concepts, methods, and research needsen
dc.title.serialIet Generation Transmission & Distributionen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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