Fungal hyphae develop where titanomagnetite inclusions reach the surface of basalt grains

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dc.contributor.authorLybrand, Rebecca A.en
dc.contributor.authorQafoku, Odetaen
dc.contributor.authorBowden, Mark E.en
dc.contributor.authorHochella, Michael F. Jr.en
dc.contributor.authorKovarik, Liboren
dc.contributor.authorPerea, Daniel E.en
dc.contributor.authorQafoku, Nikolla P.en
dc.contributor.authorSchroeder, Paul A.en
dc.contributor.authorWirth, Mark G.en
dc.contributor.authorZaharescu, Dragos G.en
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-19T16:55:13Zen
dc.date.available2022-07-19T16:55:13Zen
dc.date.issued2022-03-01en
dc.description.abstractNutrient foraging by fungi weathers rocks by mechanical and biochemical processes. Distinguishing fungal-driven transformation from abiotic mechanisms in soil remains a challenge due to complexities within natural field environments. We examined the role of fungal hyphae in the incipient weathering of granulated basalt from a three-year field experiment in a mixed hardwood-pine forest (S. Carolina) to identify alteration at the nanometer to micron scales based on microscopy-tomography analyses. Investigations of fungal-grain contacts revealed (i) a hypha-biofilm-basaltic glass interface coinciding with titanomagnetite inclusions exposed on the grain surface and embedded in the glass matrix and (ii) native dendritic and subhedral titanomagnetite inclusions in the upper 1-2 mu m of the grain surface that spanned the length of the fungal-grain interface. We provide evidence of submicron basaltic glass dissolution occurring at a fungal-grain contact in a soil field setting. An example of how fungal-mediated weathering can be distinguished from abiotic mechanisms in the field was demonstrated by observing hyphal selective occupation and hydrolysis of glass-titanomagnetite surfaces. We hypothesize that the fungi were drawn to basaltic glass-titanomagnetite boundaries given that titanomagnetite exposed on or very near grain surfaces represents a source of iron to microbes. Furthermore, glass is energetically favorable to weathering in the presence of titanomagnetite. Our observations demonstrate that fungi interact with and transform basaltic substrates over a three-year time scale in field environments, which is central to understanding the rates and pathways of biogeochemical reactions related to nuclear waste disposal, geologic carbon storage, nutrient cycling, cultural artifact preservation, and soil-formation processes.en
dc.description.notesA portion of this research was performed on project award no. 49828 and 51465 from the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a DOE Office of Science User Facility sponsored by the Biological and Environmental Research program under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was partially supported by NSF Grant CAREER EAR-1945659 to R.A.L. and NSF grant EAR-GEO-1331846 to P.A.S. The granular basalt and granite used in our study was produced during an earlier project funded by EAR-1023215 that was awarded to Katerina Dontsova, Jon D. Chorover, Travis E. Huxman, and Raina M. Maier to whom we are very grateful. The CZO SAVI program also provided a valuable training opportunity with members of the Mineral Weathering Consortium, and the authors specifically thank Steven Banwart, Jonathan Leake, Liane Benning, and Joe Quirk for advice on the use of the in-soil mesh bag approach. The authors also thank Jay Austin, Andrew Martinez, Emma Talbot, Erica Flores, Stephan Hlohowskyj, Katarena Matos, Julia Perdrial, Nate Abramson, Jake Kelly, Vanessa Yubeta, Lauren Guthridge, Mathew Clark, James Olmid, Guillermo Molano, Andrew Toriello, Arturo Jacobo, Carmen Burghelea, Ed Hunt, Jennifer Presler, Viktor Polyakov, and Kenneth Kanipe for laboratory, logistical, and field support.en
dc.description.sponsorshipEnvironmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a DOE Office of Science User Facility - Biological and Environmental Research program [49828, 51465, DE-AC05-76RL01830]; NSF [CAREER EAR-1945659, EAR-GEO-1331846]; [EAR-1023215]en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04157-zen
dc.identifier.issn2045-2322en
dc.identifier.issue1en
dc.identifier.other3407en
dc.identifier.pmid35232970en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/111295en
dc.identifier.volume12en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherNature Portfolioen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectvolcanic glassen
dc.subjectectomycorrhizal fungien
dc.subjectmineral interactionsen
dc.subjectalteration texturesen
dc.subjectdissolution ratesen
dc.subjectweathering rindsen
dc.subjectimpacten
dc.subjectsoilen
dc.subjectbiomassen
dc.subjectgrowthen
dc.titleFungal hyphae develop where titanomagnetite inclusions reach the surface of basalt grainsen
dc.title.serialScientific Reportsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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