Evaluation of preformed monochloramine for bromate control in ozonation for potable reuse

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dc.contributor.authorPearce, Roberten
dc.contributor.authorHogard, Samanthaen
dc.contributor.authorBuehlmann, Peteren
dc.contributor.authorSalazar-Benites, Germanoen
dc.contributor.authorWilson, Christopheren
dc.contributor.authorBott, Charlesen
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-19T16:55:14Zen
dc.date.available2022-07-19T16:55:14Zen
dc.date.issued2022-03-01en
dc.description.abstractBromate, a regulated disinfection byproduct, forms during the ozonation of bromide through reactions with both ozone and hydroxyl radical. In this study, preformed monochloramine was evaluated for use as a bromate suppression method in pilot testing of wastewater reuse with an average bromide concentration of 422 +/- 20 mu g/L. A dose of 3 mg/L NH2Cl-Cl-2 decreased bromate formation by an average of 82% and was sufficient to keep bromate below the MCL at ozone doses up to 8.6 mg/L (1.2 O-3:TOC). Removal of 1,4-dioxane through ozonation decreased with increasing NH2Cl dose, confirming that monochloramine suppresses bromate formation, at least in part, by acting as a hydroxyl radical scavenger. This may negatively impact oxidation objectives of ozonation in reuse applications. Increasing monochloramine contact time did not improve bromate suppression, indicating that monochloramine probably did not mask bromide as NHBrCl or other haloamines prior to ozonation. However, NHBrCl and NH2Br may be formed from reactions between HOBr and NH2Cl and excess free ammonia during ozonation. NDMA was formed by ozonation at concentrations up to 79 ng/L and was not enhanced by NH2Cl addition.en
dc.description.notesThe authors would like to thank the operators and staff at HRSD's Nansemond Treatment Plant as well as the analysts in HRSD's Central Environmental laboratory who made this work possible. Funding for this work was provided by HRSD.en
dc.description.sponsorshipHRSDen
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118049en
dc.identifier.eissn1879-2448en
dc.identifier.issn0043-1354en
dc.identifier.other118049en
dc.identifier.pmid35032872en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/111299en
dc.identifier.volume211en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherPergamon-Elsevier Scienceen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.subjectOzonationen
dc.subjectBromateen
dc.subjectPotable reuseen
dc.subject1,4-dioxaneen
dc.titleEvaluation of preformed monochloramine for bromate control in ozonation for potable reuseen
dc.title.serialWater Researchen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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