InSight Constraints on the Global Character of the Martian Crust

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dc.contributor.authorWieczorek, Mark A.en
dc.contributor.authorBroquet, Adrienen
dc.contributor.authorMcLennan, Scott M.en
dc.contributor.authorRivoldini, Attilioen
dc.contributor.authorGolombek, Matthewen
dc.contributor.authorAntonangeli, Danieleen
dc.contributor.authorBeghein, Carolineen
dc.contributor.authorGiardini, Domenicoen
dc.contributor.authorGudkova, Tamaraen
dc.contributor.authorGyalay, Szilarden
dc.contributor.authorJohnson, Catherine L.en
dc.contributor.authorJoshi, Rakshiten
dc.contributor.authorKim, Doyeonen
dc.contributor.authorKing, Scott D.en
dc.contributor.authorKnapmeyer-Endrun, Brigitteen
dc.contributor.authorLognonne, Philippeen
dc.contributor.authorMichaut, Chloeen
dc.contributor.authorMittelholz, Annaen
dc.contributor.authorNimmo, Francisen
dc.contributor.authorOjha, Lujendraen
dc.contributor.authorPanning, Mark P.en
dc.contributor.authorPlesa, Ana-Catalinaen
dc.contributor.authorSiegler, Matthew A.en
dc.contributor.authorSmrekar, Suzanne E.en
dc.contributor.authorSpohn, Tilmanen
dc.contributor.authorBanerdt, W. Bruceen
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-17T12:48:56Zen
dc.date.available2022-06-17T12:48:56Zen
dc.date.issued2022-05en
dc.description.abstractAnalyses of seismic data from the InSight mission have provided the first in situ constraints on the thickness of the crust of Mars. These crustal thickness constraints are currently limited to beneath the lander that is located in the northern lowlands, and we use gravity and topography data to construct global crustal thickness models that satisfy the seismic data. These models consider a range of possible mantle and core density profiles, a range of crustal densities, a low-density surface layer, and the possibility that the crustal density of the northern lowlands is greater than that of the southern highlands. Using the preferred InSight three-layer seismic model of the crust, the average crustal thickness of the planet is found to lie between 30 and 72 km. Depending on the choice of the upper mantle density, the maximum permissible density of the northern lowlands and southern highlands crust is constrained to be between 2,850 and 3,100 kg m(-3). These crustal densities are lower than typical Martian basaltic materials and are consistent with a crust that is on average more felsic than the materials found at the surface. We argue that a substantial portion of the crust of Mars is a primary crust that formed during the initial differentiation of the planet. Various hypotheses for the origin of the observed intracrustal seisimic layers are assessed, with our preferred interpretation including thick volcanic deposits, ejecta from the Utopia basin, porosity closure, and differentiation products of a Borealis impact melt sheet.en
dc.description.notesThe French authors acknowledge the French Space Agency (CNES) and the French National Research Agency (ANR-14-CE36-0012-02 and ANR-19-CE31-0008-08) for funding the InSight science analysis. A portion of the work was done by the InSight Project, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. CM and DA have received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreements 101001689 and 724690, respectively). We thank J. Andrews-Hanna for providing us with a digital mask of the Tharsis plateau. We also thank G. Jeff Taylor and an anonymous reviewer for comments that helped improve this manuscript. Discussions with Julia Maia and Benjamin Bultel helped improve various aspects of this manuscript. This is InSight contribution 243.en
dc.description.sponsorshipFrench Space Agency (CNES); French National Research Agency [ANR-14-CE36-0012-02, ANR-19-CE31-0008-08]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union [101001689, 724690]en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1029/2022JE007298en
dc.identifier.eissn2169-9100en
dc.identifier.issn2169-9097en
dc.identifier.issue5en
dc.identifier.othere2022JE007298en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/110830en
dc.identifier.volume127en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherAmerican Geophysical Unionen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/en
dc.subjectmarsen
dc.subjectcrusten
dc.subjectcrustal compositionen
dc.subjectgravityen
dc.subjectseismologyen
dc.titleInSight Constraints on the Global Character of the Martian Crusten
dc.title.serialJournal of Geophysical Research-Planetsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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