Brucella spp. of amphibians comprise genomically diverse motile strains competent for replication in macrophages and survival in mammalian hosts

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dc.contributor.authorAl Dahouk, Saschaen
dc.contributor.authorKoehler, Stephanen
dc.contributor.authorOcchialini, Alessandraen
dc.contributor.authorJimenez de Bagues, Maria Pilaren
dc.contributor.authorHammerl, Jens Andreen
dc.contributor.authorEisenberg, Tobiasen
dc.contributor.authorVergnaud, Gillesen
dc.contributor.authorCloeckaert, Axelen
dc.contributor.authorZygmunt, Michel S.en
dc.contributor.authorWhatmore, Adrian M.en
dc.contributor.authorMelzer, Falken
dc.contributor.authorDrees, Kevin P.en
dc.contributor.authorFoster, Jeffrey T.en
dc.contributor.authorWattam, Alice R.en
dc.contributor.authorScholz, Holger C.en
dc.date.accessioned2019-01-09T17:29:48Zen
dc.date.available2019-01-09T17:29:48Zen
dc.date.issued2017-03-16en
dc.description.abstractTwenty-one small Gram-negative motile coccobacilli were isolated from 15 systemically diseased African bullfrogs (Pyxicephalus edulis), and were initially identified as Ochrobactrum anthropi by standard microbiological identification systems. Phylogenetic reconstructions using combined molecular analyses and comparative whole genome analysis of the most diverse of the bullfrog strains verified affiliation with the genus Brucella and placed the isolates in a cluster containing B. inopinata and the other non-classical Brucella species but also revealed significant genetic differences within the group. Four representative but molecularly and phenotypically diverse strains were used for in vitro and in vivo infection experiments. All readily multiplied in macrophage-like murine J774-cells, and their overall intramacrophagic growth rate was comparable to that of B. inopinata BO1 and slightly higher than that of B. microti CCM 4915. In the BALB/c murine model of infection these strains replicated in both spleen and liver, but were less efficient than B. suis 1330. Some strains survived in the mammalian host for up to 12 weeks. The heterogeneity of these novel strains hampers a single species description but their phenotypic and genetic features suggest that they represent an evolutionary link between a soil-associated ancestor and the mammalian host-adapted pathogenic Brucella species.en
dc.description.notesWe are grateful to Nelly Bernardet, Cornelia Gollner, Anna-Louisa Hauffe, Robert Schneider, Astrid Thomas, and Phillip Vette for excellent technical assistance and Miguel Angel Navarro for animal care. We also thank Philippe Le Fleche for his assistance in MLVA typing, Mark S. Koylass and Jakub Muchowski for MLST analysis, Charles H.D. Williamson for genome assembling, and Jochen Reetz for electron microscopy. Thanks to Risa Y. Dickerman for her help in creating the flagellum figure. A.R. Wattam is supported in part by federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under contract no. HHSN272201400027C. The work of M.P. Jimenez de Bagues was supported by the Spanish grant INIA-RTA2013-00065-C02-01. The work of S. Kohler and A. Occialini was funded by the Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Germany (BfR grant no. 1329-485). Brucella research work at APHA is supported by the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (projects SE0314 and SE0316), at the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment by the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BfR project no. 47-003, 1322-503, and 1322-619), and at the Hessian State Laboratory by the Hessian Ministry of Environment, Climate Change, Agriculture and Consumer Protection. The development of genotyping methods for strain identification of dangerous pathogens as part of microbial forensics is supported by the French DGA (Direction Generale de l'Armement) via the MicroType project ANR-14-ASMA-0002-02. The Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology is a member of the European Biodefense Laboratory Network (EBLN) supported by the European Defence Agency (EDA).en
dc.description.sponsorshipfederal funds from National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272201400027C]; Spanish grant [INIA-RTA2013-00065-C02-01]; Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Germany [1329-485]; Food and Rural Affairs at German Federal Institute [SE0314, SE0316]; Department of Environment; Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture [47-003, 1322-503, 1322-619]; Hessian Ministry of Environment, Climate Change, Agriculture and Consumer Protection; French DGA (Direction Generale de l'Armement) via the MicroType project [ANR-14-ASMA-0002-02]; European Defence Agency (EDA)en
dc.format.extent17en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1038/srep44420en
dc.identifier.issn2045-2322en
dc.identifier.other44420en
dc.identifier.pmid28300153en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/86649en
dc.identifier.volume7en
dc.language.isoen_USen
dc.publisherSpringer Natureen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectbacterial bioinformatics databaseen
dc.subjectvole microtus-arvalisen
dc.subjectcomparative sequenceen
dc.subjectgenetic diversityen
dc.subjectanalysis resourceen
dc.subjectmelitensis 16men
dc.subjectmurine modelsen
dc.subjectinfectionen
dc.subjectlipopolysaccharideen
dc.subjectdeathen
dc.titleBrucella spp. of amphibians comprise genomically diverse motile strains competent for replication in macrophages and survival in mammalian hostsen
dc.title.serialScientific Reportsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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