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Rickettsia Phylogenomics: Unwinding the Intricacies of Obligate Intracellular Life

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dc.contributor.authorGillespie, Joseph J.en
dc.contributor.authorWilliams, Kellyen
dc.contributor.authorShukla, Mauliken
dc.contributor.authorSnyder, Eric E.en
dc.contributor.authorNordberg, Eric K.en
dc.contributor.authorCeraul, Shane M.en
dc.contributor.authorDharmanolla, Chittien
dc.contributor.authorRainey, Daphneen
dc.contributor.authorSoneja, Jeetendraen
dc.contributor.authorShallom, Joshua M.en
dc.contributor.authorVishnubhat, Nataraj Dongreen
dc.contributor.authorWattam, Rebeccaen
dc.contributor.authorPurkayastha, Anjanen
dc.contributor.authorCzar, Michaelen
dc.contributor.authorCrasta, Oswalden
dc.contributor.authorSetubal, João C.en
dc.contributor.authorAzad, Abdu F.en
dc.contributor.authorSobral, Brunoen
dc.date.accessed2014-05-01en
dc.date.accessioned2014-06-17T20:12:10Zen
dc.date.available2014-06-17T20:12:10Zen
dc.date.issued2008-04-16en
dc.description.abstractBackground: Completed genome sequences are rapidly increasing for Rickettsia, obligate intracellular α-proteobacteria responsible for various human diseases, including epidemic typhus and Rocky Mountain spotted fever. In light of phylogeny, the establishment of orthologous groups (OGs) of open reading frames (ORFs) will distinguish the core rickettsial genes and other group specific genes (class 1 OGs or C1OGs) from those distributed indiscriminately throughout the rickettsial tree (class 2 OG or C2OGs). Methodology/Principal Findings: We present 1823 representative (no gene duplications) and 259 non-representative (at least one gene duplication) rickettsial OGs. While the highly reductive (~1.2 MB) Rickettsia genomes range in predicted ORFs from 872 to 1512, a core of 752 OGs was identified, depxicting the essential Rickettsia genes. Unsurprisingly, this core lacks many metabolic genes, reflecting the dependence on host resources for growth and survival. Additionally, we bolster our recent reclassification of Rickettsia by identifying OGs that define the AG (ancestral group), TG (typhus group), TRG (transitional group), and SFG (spotted fever group) rickettsiae. OGs for insect-associated species, tick-associated species and species that harbor plasmids were also predicted. Through superimposition of all OGs over robust phylogeny estimation, we discern between C1OGs and C2OGs, the latter depicting genes either decaying from the conserved C1OGs or acquired laterally. Finally, scrutiny of non-representative OGs revealed high levels of split genes versus gene duplications, with both phenomena confounding gene orthology assignment. Interestingly, non-representative OGs, as well as OGs comprised of several gene families typically involved in microbial pathogenicity and/or the acquisition of virulence factors, fall predominantly within C2OG distributions. Conclusion/Significance: Collectively, we determined the relative conservation and distribution of 14354 predicted ORFs from 10 rickettsial genomes across robust phylogeny estimation. The data, available at PATRIC (PathoSystems Resource Integration Center), provide novel information for unwinding the intricacies associated with Rickettsia pathogenesis, expanding the range of potential diagnostic, vaccine and therapeutic targetsen
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work is funded through NIAID contract HHSN266200400035C to BSS and NIH grants AI59118 and AI17828 to AFA.en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationGillespie JJ, Williams K, Shukla M, Snyder EE, Nordberg EK, Ceraul SM, Dharmanolla C, Rainey D, Soneja J, Shallom JM, Vishnubhat ND, Wattam R, Purkayastha A, Czar M, Crasta O, Setubal JC, Azad AF, Sobral BS (2008b) Rickettsia phylogenomics: unwinding the intricacies of obligate intracellular life. PLoS ONE 3(4): e2018.en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002018en
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/49014en
dc.identifier.urlhttp://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0002018en
dc.language.isoen_USen
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectBacterial genomicsen
dc.subjectGene predictionen
dc.subjectGenome evolutionen
dc.subjectGenomic databasesen
dc.subjectInvertebrate genomicsen
dc.subjectPhylogenetic analysisen
dc.subjectRecombinant proteinsen
dc.subjectRickettsiaen
dc.titleRickettsia Phylogenomics: Unwinding the Intricacies of Obligate Intracellular Lifeen
dc.title.serialPLoS ONEen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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