Challenges of and Recommendations for the Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program

Abstract

The Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program (FFVP), a USDA initiative designed to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among elementary school students, has seen inconsistent implementation and limited recent program evaluation. This project aimed to assess the effectiveness and adherence of FFVP practices operated by a food service management company in D.C. in four D.C. public elementary schools, focusing on underserved communities in Wards 7 and 8. Using a mixed-methods action research approach grounded in constructivist learning theory, data was collected through site observations, informal staff interviews, and a comprehensive survey of teachers and administrators. Findings revealed significant inconsistencies in program delivery, particularly regarding the required nutrition education component, which was largely absent from the in-classroom program implementation. Survey responses highlighted a widespread lack of awareness about FFVP’s purpose, requirements, and available educational resources. In response, revised program materials, including a teacher handout and age-specific nutrition education content, were developed and piloted in one school. Pilot observations at one school demonstrated that structured delivery, teacher participation, and age-appropriate materials improved student engagement and reinforced healthy eating behaviors. The fourth-grade classroom showed notably higher interaction and enthusiasm compared to kindergarten, underscoring the importance of educator involvement and program structure. This project supports future implementation of a standardized FFVP model across schools, emphasizing the critical role of teacher training, communication, and tailored educational materials to enhance program fidelity and impact.