Browsing by Author "Burrack, Hannah J."
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- 2016 Southeast Regional Bunch Grape Integrated Management GuideNita, Mizuho; Burrack, Hannah J.; Pfeiffer, Douglas G.; Mitchem, Wayne; Lockwood, David; Bellinger, Robert (2016-04-04)While not technically a numbered VCE publication, this is produced by a group of extension specialists in the southeastern region. CALS is a member of the Southeastern Small Fruit Consortium, the producer of this guide.
- 2016 Southeast Regional Caneberry Integrated Management Guide. Southeastern Small Fruit ConsortiumBrannen, Philip; Schnabel, Guido; Burrack, Hannah J.; Bessin, Richard; Pfeiffer, Douglas G.; Mitchem, Wayne; Jennings, Katie; Lockwood, David; Fernandez, Gina; Sial, Ash (2016-04-04)While not technically a numbered VCE publication, this is produced by a group of extension specialists in the southeastern region. CALS is a member of the Southeastern Small Fruit Consortium, the producer of this guide
- 2020 Southeast Blueberry Integrated Management Guide.Burrack, Hannah J.; Cline, Bill; Melanson, Rebecca; Singh, Raj; Hale, Frank; Sial, Ash; Pfeiffer, Douglas G.; Czarnota, Mark; Jennings, Katie; Lockwood, David (2020-01)2020 Southeast Regional Blueberry Integrated Management Guide
- 2020 Southeast Regional Bunch Grape Integrated Management Guide. Southern Region Small Fruit Consortium Bull. 46Nita, Mizuho; Brannen, Phil; Villani, S.; Hansen, Z.; Burrack, Hannah J.; Pfeiffer, Douglas G.; Blaauw, Brett R.; MItchem, W.; Lockwood, D.; Menjak, M. T. (2020-04)
- 2020 Southeast Regional Caneberries Integrated Management GuideOliver, Jonathan; Schnabel, G.; Melanson, R.; Gauthier, N.; Burrack, Hannah J.; Sial, Ash; Hale, F.; Pfeiffer, Douglas G.; Mitchem, W.; Jennings, K.; Lockwood, D.; Mengak, M. T.; Fernandez, G.; Stafne, E. (2020-01)
- 2020 Southeast Regional Strawberry Integrated Pest Management Guide for Plasticulture ProductionMelanson, R. A.; Johnson, C.; Schnabel, G.; Ferguson, M. H.; Desaeger, J.; Schmidt-Jeffris, R.; Burrack, Hannah J.; Pfeiffer, Douglas G.; Hale, F.; Jennings, K.; Brannen, P. (2020-01)
- Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) oviposition and adult emergence in six wine grape varieties grown in VirginiaShrader, Meredith Edana; Burrack, Hannah J.; Pfeiffer, Douglas G. (2018-10-01)Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is a pest of small fruits and grapes in the United States and in its home range of Japan. Physiological and morphological laboratory testing was performed on six commonly grown wine grape varieties in Virginia. Skin thickness, penetration force, and ºBrix were analyzed to determine ovipositional preferences. Experiments were performed for three consecutive years from grapes collected at one Virginia vineyard. More eggs were laid in intact Viognier grapes than any other variety. Oviposition into intact grapes was not affected by skin thickness or ºBrix; however, oviposition increased when penetration force decreased. An ovipositional choice test determined no varietal preferences. Survivorship from egg to adulthood using uninjured and injured grapes was also assessed to determine varietal suitability as D. suzukii hosts, with more flies emerging from injured grapes than uninjured. However, D. suzukii adults did emerge from intact grapes and at higher percentages than previously recorded in other wine grape studies. All varieties had eggs oviposited into them when injured. Determining the time at which each grape variety became susceptible to oviposition was determined using a D. suzukii bioassay spanning 12 wk using grapes from the green pea stage until ripe. Susceptibility to D. suzukii oviposition was based upon ripening period and penetration force. Early ripening varieties may be more susceptible to D. suzukii oviposition in the field with later maturing, harder fleshed-varieties which may escape D. suzukii oviposition.
- Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosphilidae): Risk Assessment For An Invasive Vinegar Fly In Virginia VineyardsShrader, Meredith Edana (Virginia Tech, 2017-06-22)Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophila) is an invasive frugivore and has become a significant pest of small fruit, cherry and grape throughout the United States. It may be possible to determine if a Virginia vineyard is at risk of D. suzukii infestation by analyzing the biotic and abiotic factors around each vineyard. This pest is known to utilize a wide range of cultivated and wild host plants. A host plant survey was conducted at four vineyards in the Piedmont Region of Virginia to identify hosts used by D. suzukii around vineyards. The seasonal availability of host plants and adult emergence from them were tracked. Six host plant species of D. suzukii were identified, some available season-long. Monitoring D. suzukii in cultivated crops is crucial for the timing of spray applications. Homemade and commercially available baits and traps were deployed in two vineyards to determine the efficacy and selectivity towards D. suzukii. The homemade and commercially available baits that contained red wine caught the most D. suzukii, but none were exclusively attractive to D. suzukii. Wine grape susceptibility was assessed in laboratory choice and no-choice ovipositional bioassays. Ovipositional susceptibility was determined by measuring the physiological and morphological parameters using six wine grape varieties. More eggs were laid in grapes as penetration force decreased. Penetration force and not skin thickness was the limiting factor for oviposition. Survivorship of eggs laid in intact grapes was analyzed and survivorship to adulthood was dependent upon variety and survivorship usually exceeded 9% survival seen in previous studies. Larval developmental parameters of D. suzukii were affected by grape variety and the density of Z. indianus. D. suzukii mortality was increased in most cases when in competition with Z. indianus, but was less pronounced when reared in Viognier grapes. My Z. indianus oviposition study demonstrated that they will follow injury created by D. suzukii, and then the Z. indianus larvae may outcompete D. suzukii within the berries. These studies greatly improved our understanding of D. suzukii biology and ecology in Virginia vineyards.
- Effects of interspecific larval competition on developmental parameters in nutrient sources between Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and Zaprionus indianusBurrack, Hannah J.; Pfeiffer, Douglas G. (2020-01-02)Two invasive drosophilids, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and Zaprionus indianus (Gupta) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) are expanding their geographic distribution and cohabiting grape production in the Mid-Atlantic. The ecological and economic impact of these two species within vineyards is currently unknown. Zaprionus indianus was presumably not capable of ovipositing directly into grapes because they lack a serrated ovipositor and may use D. suzukii oviposition punctures for depositing their own eggs. Therefore, an interspecific larval competition assay was performed at varying larval densities using commercial medium and four commonly grown wine grapes in Virginia to investigate the impact Z. indianus larvae may have on the mortality and developmental parameters of D. suzukii larvae. Zaprionus indianus did not affect D. suzukii mortality or development parameters even at high interspecific densities when reared in commercial medium, but it did cause higher D. suzukii mortality within grapes. Mortality was also influenced by the variety of grape in which the larvae were reared, with smaller grapes having the highest D. suzukii mortality. Presence of Z. indianus also increased development time to pupariation and adult emergence for most interspecific competition levels compared with the intraspecific D. suzukii controls. Pupal volume was marginally affected at the highest interspecific larval densities. This laboratory study suggests that competition from Z. indianus and grape variety can limit D. suzukii numbers, and the implications on D. suzukii pest management be further verified in the field.
- Threatening the harvest: The threat from three invasive insects in late season vineyardsPfeiffer, Douglas G.; Leskey, Tracy C.; Burrack, Hannah J. (Springer, 2012)An integral goal of integrated pest management programs is to reduce the pesticide load in the cropping system. Reducing pesticide applications will generally lower pressure to develop pesticide resistance, enhance the presence of benefi cial arthropods, and reduce unintended effects on beneficial arthropods, environment, farm workers, and consumers. It is generally desirable to eliminate late season applications, because such applications would lead to the highest residues at harvest. The fact that growers must observe label pre-harvest intervals (PHIs) is often a complicating factor in vineyard management. In recent years, three invasive species from Asia have become pests in North American vineyards. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss their biology, the relationship of their injury to grape harvest, and possible management approaches.
- Using volunteer-based networks to track Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) an invasive pest of fruit cropsBurrack, Hannah J.; Smith, J. Powell; Pfeiffer, Douglas G.; Koeher, Glen; LaForest, Joseph (2012)The Spotted Wing Drosophila Volunteer Monitoring Network (SWD*VMN) was developed in 2010. Initial monitoring efforts included North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia and now include 15 states in the eastern United States. The goals of the SWD*VMN were to detect D. suzukii presence throughout eastern United States fruit growing regions, to describe the phenology and density of established populations, and to share this information in an accessible format with extension and grower stakeholders. This monitoring network has provided stakeholders with information on an invasive insect in an accessible, interactive format. It has also engaged stakeholders as direct participants in data collection, monitoring method development, and data dissemination.