Browsing by Author "Chen, Pengyin"

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    Genetics of reactions to soybean mosaic virus in soybean
    Chen, Pengyin (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989)
    The genetic interactions among 9 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars and 6 strains of soybean mosaic virus (SMV) were investigated. The objectives were to identify genes and/or alleles conditioning resistant and necrotic reactions to SMV and to determine the genetic relationships among resistance genes from cultivars exhibiting differential responses to the SMV strains. Seven SMV-resistant (R) cultivars (‘PI 486355’, ‘Suweon 97’, ‘PI 96983’, ‘Ogden’, ‘York’, ‘Marshall’, and ‘Kwanggyo’) were crossed in all combinations among each other and with susceptible (S) cultivars ‘Essex’ and ‘Lee 68’. F₂ populations and F₂-derived F₃ lines were inoculated in field with the SMV type strain Gl and in the greenhouse with the virulent strains G4, G5, G6, G7, and G7A. All F₂ populations from R x S and necrotic (N) x S crosses having PI 96983, Ogden, York, Marshall, and Kwanggyo as either resistant or necrotic parents segregated 3R:1S and 3N:1S, respectively. F₂-derived F₃ progenies from R x S crosses exhibited an F₂ genotypic ratio of 1 homogeneous R : 2 segregating (3R:1S) : l homogeneous S. The results indicate that each of these five resistant parents has a single, dominant or partially dominant gene conditioning the resistant and necrotic reactions to SMV. No segregation for SMV reaction was evident in F₂ and F₃ generations from R x R, N x N, and S x S crosses among the five differential cultivars, indicating that the resistance genes in the five cultivars are alleles at a common locus. The alleles in PI 96983 and Ogden were previously labeled Rsy and rsyt, respectively. Gene symbols, Rsyy, Rsym, and Rsyk are proposed for the resistance genes in York, Marshall, and Kwanggyo, respectively. It is also proposed that the gene symbol rsyt be changed to Rsyt to more accurately reflect its genetic relationship to the susceptible allele. The R x S crosses with PI 486355 and Suweon 97 as resistant parents segregated 15R:1S in the F₂ and 7 (all R) : 4 (3R:1S) : 4 (15R:1S) : 1 (all S) in the F₃, indicating that each has two independent genes for resistance to SMV. The F₂ plants of PI 486355 x Suweon 97 showed no segregation for SMV reaction, suggesting that they have at least one gene in common. The crosses among all 7 resistant parents produced no susceptible segregates when inoculated with strain G1. It is concluded that the 7 resistant cultivars each have a gene or allele at the Rsy locus. Data from the experiments furnished conclusive evidence that the necrotic reaction in segregating populations is highly associated with plants that are heterozygous for the resistance gene.
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    Genome-wide association analysis of sucrose and alanine contents in edamame beans
    Wang, Zhibo; Yu, Dajun; Morota, Gota; Dhakal, Kshitiz; Singer, William; Lord, Nilanka; Huang, Haibo; Chen, Pengyin; Mozzoni, Leandro; Li, Song; Zhang, Bo (Frontiers, 2023-02-03)
    The sucrose and Alanine (Ala) content in edamame beans significantly impacts the sweetness flavor of edamame-derived products as an important attribute to consumers' acceptance. Unlike grain-type soybeans, edamame beans are harvested as fresh beans at the R6 to R7 growth stages when beans are filled 80-90% of the pod capacity. The genetic basis of sucrose and Ala contents in fresh edamame beans may differ from those in dry seeds. To date, there is no report on the genetic basis of sucrose and Ala contents in the edamame beans. In this study, a genome-wide association study was conducted to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to sucrose and Ala levels in edamame beans using an association mapping panel of 189 edamame accessions genotyped with a SoySNP50K BeadChip. A total of 43 and 25 SNPs was associated with sucrose content and Ala content in the edamame beans, respectively. Four genes (Glyma.10g270800, Glyma.08g137500, Glyma.10g268500, and Glyma.18g193600) with known effects on the process of sucrose biosynthesis and 37 novel sucrose-related genes were characterized. Three genes (Gm17g070500, Glyma.14g201100 and Glyma.18g269600) with likely relevant effects in regulating Ala content and 22 novel Ala-related genes were identified. In addition, by summarizing the phenotypic data of edamame beans from three locations in two years, three PI accessions (PI 532469, PI 243551, and PI 407748) were selected as the high sucrose and high Ala parental lines for the perspective breeding of sweet edamame varieties. Thus, the beneficial alleles, candidate genes, and selected PI accessions identified in this study will be fundamental to develop edamame varieties with improved consumers' acceptance, and eventually promote edamame production as a specialty crop in the United States.
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    iTRAQ protein profile analysis of developmental dynamics in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] leaves
    Qin, Jun; Zhang, Jianan; Wang, Fengmin; Wang, Jinghua; Zheng, Zhi; Yin, Changcheng; Chen, Hao; Shi, Ainong; Zhang, Bo; Chen, Pengyin; Zhang, Mengchen (PLOS, 2017-09-27)
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    Registration of 'S17-2243C': A non-genetically modified maturity group IV soybean cultivar with high yield and elevated oil concentration
    Chen, Pengyin; Shannon, J. Grover; Lee, Dongho; do Granja, Matheus Ogando; Vieira, Caio Canella; Lee, Yi-Chen; Ali, Md Liakat; do Nascimento, Emanuel Ferrari; Scaboo, Andrew; Crisel, Melissa; Smothers, Scotty; Clubb, Michael; Selves, Stewart; Nguyen, Henry T.; Li, Zenglu; Mitchum, Melissa Goellner; Averitt, Ben; Bond, Jason P.; Meinhardt, Clinton G.; Usovsky, Mariola; Li, Shuxian; Smith, James R.; Gillen, Anne M.; Mengistu, Alemu; Zhang, Bo; Mozzoni, Leandro Angel; Moseley, David (Wiley, 2023-02)
    'S17-2243C' (Reg. no. CV-557, PI 700003) is a semi-determinate, maturity group IV (relative maturity 4.9), non-genetically modified (non-GM) soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar developed and released by the University of Missouri-Fisher Delta Research, Extension, and Education Center. S17-2243C was developed to meet the growing demands for new non-GM soybean cultivars with high yield and elevated seed oil content. S17-2243C is resistant to stem canker and charcoal rot and has tolerance to salinity conditions. Seed of S17-2243C has averaged 232 g kg(-1) of oil concentration on a dry weight basis, which was significantly higher than all check cultivars in the 2020 USDA Uniform Soybean Tests, Southern States. S17-2243C was tested against high-yielding private and public soybean cultivars from 2018 to 2021 in 80 locations across 12 states, including Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. With high yield potential, broad adaptability, early maturity, elevated seed oil content, and non-GM traits, S17-2243C is an excellent cultivar choice for soybean growers adopting alternative growing systems and benefiting from premium prices offered for non-GM soybean products.
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    Utilizing Consumer Perception of Edamame to Guide New Variety Development
    Carneiro, Renata C. V.; Duncan, Susan E.; O'Keefe, Sean F.; Yu, Dajun; Huang, Haibo; Yin, Yun; Neill, Clinton L.; Zhang, Bo; Kuhar, Thomas P.; Rideout, Steven L.; Reiter, Mark S.; Ross, W. Jeremy; Chen, Pengyin; Gillen, Anne (2021-01-18)
    Consumption of edamame (vegetable soybeans) has increased significantly in the U.S. over the last 20 years. Although market demand has been increasing, most edamame is still imported from Asian countries. A team of multistate plant-breeding programs in the mid-Atlantic and Southeast U.S. has focused on developing new breeding lines that grow well in the U.S. and deliver what domestic growers, processors and consumers need and expect from their edamame. In our study, sensory evaluation was used to identify edamame genotypes and sensory attributes preferred by consumers to support breeding selection criteria. In the first year (reported as our "screening study"), 20 edamame genotypes were grown in three locations: Newport, AR, and Blacksburg and Painter, VA. In the second year (reported as our "validation study"), 10 edamame genotypes selected after our screening study were grown in Blacksburg and Painter, VA, Portageville, MO, and Stoneville, MS. In both years of research, untrained participants (adults; vegetable consumers not allergic to soy; N >= 50) used a traditional 9-point acceptability (hedonic) scale (1 = "dislike extremely"; 9 = "like extremely") to evaluate overall-liking, aroma, appearance, taste, and texture, and a 5-point scale (1 = "not sweet," 5 = "extremely sweet") to evaluate sweetness intensity. Next, participants used a check-all-that-apply (CATA) list of selected sensory terms to describe the sensory characteristics of each edamame sample. Overall acceptability of edamame genotypes was significantly different among all genotypes (p < 0.05). Samples described as "bitter," "sour" (flavor) or "starchy" (texture) were associated with lower acceptability scores while "salty" and "sweet" (flavor) were correlated with higher acceptability. Sensory data from the screening study were used to select the best genotypes by use of a defined decision process based on the consumer data. The validation study tested the selection decisions and further supported the genotype choices. Sensory evaluation is a powerful tool to direct breeders to improve market acceptability and develop new edamame genotypes. Both screening and validation studies illustrate the significant role of consumer sensory data in support of genotypes targeted for domestic (U.S.) production.
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    'VT Sweet': A vegetable soybean cultivar for commercial edamame production in the mid-Atlantic USA
    Zhang, Bo; Lord, Nilanka; Kuhar, Thomas P.; Duncan, Susan E.; Huang, Haibo; Ross, W. Jeremy; Rideout, Steven L.; Arancibia, Ramon A.; Reiter, Mark S.; Li, Song; Chen, Pengyin; Mozzoni, Leandro; Gillen, Anne; Yin, Yun; Neill, Clinton L.; Carneiro, Renata C. V.; Yu, Dajun; Sutton, Kemper L.; Li, Xiaoying; Wang, Zhibo; Buss, Glenn (2021-10-26)
    Commercially viable cultivars adapted to U.S. production regions that meet consumer acceptance criteria are desperately needed by the growing domestic edamame industry. Here, we report the development and release of 'VT Sweet' (Reg. no. CV-542, PI 699062), the first vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar released by Virginia Tech. VT Sweet is a late maturity group (MG) V cultivar (relative maturity 5.6, 129 d to harvest) with determinate growth habit, purple flowers, gray pubescence, tan pod wall, and yellow hila. VT Sweet has superior characteristics for edamame such as large pod size (13.9 g/10 pods; 40.4 mm long, 11.4 mm wide, and 7.6 mm thick) and low one-bean pod proportion (15%), as well as low pod pubescence density (359 hairs/2.4 cm(2)). VT Sweet also showed high overall consumer acceptability (6.0 +/- 1.7; 9 = like extremely) and favorable tolerance to native pests. When compared with the commercial edamame check 'UA Kirksey', VT Sweet showed 102% of the check yield, a higher average field emergence rate (74.9 vs. 68.1%), and comparable consumer acceptability (6.05 vs. 6.10). Therefore, VT Sweet is an ideal cultivar for growers who are interested in commercial edamame production in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States.