Browsing by Author "Maine, John D."

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    A qualitative analysis of the southern pine beetle's (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm.) impact on wildlife, wildfire, and grazing
    Maine, John D. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1979)
    Qualitative models were developed to assess SPB's impact on wildlife, wildfire, and grazing. Some of the relationships in the wildlife model were quantitatively expressed, yet dollar impacts were not obtainable. The results indicated that SPB had a positive impact on woodpeckers, quail, rabbits, deer, small mammals, and other birds. No negative impacts on any of the wildlife species groups were found. These impacts were very small because of SPB's small spot size and low spot incidence. The wildfire impact assessment was strictly qualitative. The results indicated that fire rate of spread and intensity are increased on SPB spots, however, this impact is small because these increases would be restricted to SPB spots which are very small and highly dispersed. Only 64 acres of SPB spots were estimated to occur within burned areas in one year, hence, this impact was too small to consider in SPB control decisions. All of SPB's grazing impacts were qualitatively assessed due to the large amount of information available in this area. A computer program was written which estimated grazing impacts given SPB spot size and incidence, the herbage production before attack, and the residual basal area in hardwoods. The results indicated that SPB grazing impacts were also too small to be considered in SPB control decisions.
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    A Qualitative Analysis of The Southern Pine Beetle's Wildlife Impact
    Maine, John D.; Leuschner, William A.; Tipton, Alan R. (Virginia Tech. Division of Forestry and Wildlife Resources, 1980)
    Wildlife's social value has long been known. Early attempts to place dollar values on wildlife were crude (Stains and Barkalow, 1951; Collins, 1959) and often incomprehensible. For example, Collins found that each deer killed by bow hunters was worth $5,280 based on hunter expenditures. However, these early researchers were aware that it is important to consider wildlife's social value in forest management decisions. These include pest management dee is ions generally and Southern Pine Beetle ( Dendroctonus frontal is Zimm) (SPB) management decisions specifically. Wildlife has three basic values in the Southeast: recreational, aesthetic, and scientific. The recreational value is realized by the more than 30 million people who spend billions of dollars each year pursuing fish and game species. These people partially support the sporting arms and ammunition, camping equipment, campground, and restaurant industries.