Browsing by Author "Southgate, Doug"
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- Decisiones locales para el manejo de cuencas: Estudio de caso de la Comunidades de Cotacachi, EcuadorRodríguez, F.; Southgate, Doug (2004)Objetivos del estudio: ¿Cuáles son las prácticas de la agricultura que son más consistentes con una distribución eficiente de la tierra y el agua en la región? ¿Cómo afecta el manejo comunitario a la distribución del agua y la tierra en la región? ¿Están las familias rurales dispuestas a pagar sumas positivas de dinero para tener suministros de agua potable que sean más limpias y menos sujetas a interrupciones? ¿Estos valores dados por las familias rurales para mejorar sus sistemas de agua varían con mayores o menores ingresos, o también cuando la información es diseminada?
- Economy-wide sources of agricultural expansion in developing countriesCoxhead, Ian; Southgate, Doug (Geneva, Switzerland: Inderscience Publishers Ltd., 2000)This paper examines the environmental problem of deforestation in tropical countries with high levels of persistent poverty. The authors explore reasons why the commencement of development does not cause a decrease in the expansion of agricultural onto fragile land. Pointing to the case study of Thailand, they suggest that changing demands for agricultural productivity and favorable agroclimatic characteristics of frontier lands are significant factors contributing to continued deforestation even when living standards rise. The authors suggest that the creation of off-farm employment opportunities is crucial for making issues of environmental sustainability compatible with rural income growth.
- Experiences with PES in Latin AmericaSouthgate, Doug (2007)This presentation covers a general overview of the history and characteristics of PES work in Latin America. It highlights examples in Costa Rica, Mexico and the South American countries of Ecuador, Colombia, Bolivia. More specifically it discusses the role of water PES and watershed protection in these areas, and how this is different from PES work in other countries. Also included in this presentation is a brief discussion of the role of ecotourism in relation to PES and rural development.
- Local resolution of watershed management trade-offs: The case of CotacachiRodríguez, Fabián; Southgate, Doug (Wallingford, UK: CAB International, 2006)Economists have developed various techniques for evaluating natural resources in the absence of price signals, including what is known as contingent valuation (CV). This methodology calls for respondents to participate in simulated transactions in a hypothetical market setting, designed to reveal what people are willing to pay for nonmarket goods and services provided by the
- Paying for watershed services in Latin America: A review of current initiativesSouthgate, Doug; Wunder, Sven (Taylor & Francis, 2009)This article assesses the current status of payment for watershed environmental services (PWS) schemes in Latin America. While the region has a greater abundance and more advanced initiatives than Africa or Asia, most do not meet all the criteria for true PES (Payments for Environmental Services), often lacking conditionality. The authors discuss challenges and barriers to PWS, with a focus on three case studies in Pimampiro, Ecuador; Quito, Ecuador; and Mexico.
- Paying for watershed services in Latin America: A review of current initiativesSouthgate, Doug; Wunder, Sven (Blacksburg, Va.: SANREM CRSP, OIRED, Virginia Tech, 2007)This paper addresses the challenge of using PES to enhance hydrologic services in Latin America. To begin, the current state of implementation is described. We are able to identify just a few sites where each and every feature of PES is in place and many places where some but not all these features have been adopted. In the latter part of the paper, we examine why PES implementation remains incipient in Latin America, albeit farther along than in other parts of the developing world. Our analysis focuses on public policy, institutional factors, and political realities affecting PES in Latin America.
- Payments for Watershed Services: Regional synthesesDillaha, Theo A. III; Ferraro, Paul J.; Huang, M.; Southgate, Doug; Upadhyaya, S. K.; Wunder, Sven (SANREM CRSP, OIRED, Virginia Tech, 2007)This brief is a synthesis of the three regional reviews of Payments for Watershed Services (PWS) that were developed for Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Payments for Watershed Services and PES are used somewhat interchangeably, but it should be recognized that PWS is actually a subset of PES where watershed services are at least one of the environmental services being targeted. This research brief provides an overview of the following PWS/PES issues if they could be characterized for the region:
- Payments to the rural poor for the sake of conserving tropical watersheds: A contingent valuation analysis in EcuadorHaab, T.; Southgate, Doug; Rodríguez, F. (2005)Examined in this paper are the potential contributions of PWES to conservation of the watershed in which Quito, Ecuador is located. Contingent-valuation (CV) analysis yields estimate of the payments that people dwelling high up in the drainage basin would demand in exchange for following conservation guidelines. Special attention is paid in this analysis to the sensitivity of these payments to agricultural dependence and income dependence among participating households. In a broad sense, this research addresses fundamental linkages between poverty in the Latin American countryside and the natural resources on which the rural poor depend and in which others have a sizable stake.
- Payments to the rural poor for the sake of watershed conservation in EcuadorSouthgate, Doug; Rodríguez, F. (2004)This presentation reports a study on the willingness of marginalized upland farmers to pay for cleaner water and their willingness to accept compensation to change to less lucrative but less degrading agricultural practices.
- PES Regional synthesis: Latin AmericaSouthgate, Doug; Wunder, Sven (2007)PES-like schemes are fairly common in the Andean Region and other parts of Latin America.
- Water resources management and willingness to pay: The case of Cotacachi, EcuadorRodríguez, F.; Southgate, Doug (Watkinsville, Ga.: SANREM CRSP, 2003)This study addresses the economics of water resource development, generally, and of watershed management, specifically. It seeks to determine what local people are willing to pay for improved performance of potable water and irrigation systems - particularly in the case of improved performance that would result from watershed conservation. In developing countries, the quantity and quality of water supplies are often inadequate. Water systems are often plagued by poor planning, which reflects erroneous assumptions about the needs and demands of rural populations. Moreover, in many areas there are no markets for water resources, and therefore no ways for evaluating costs and benefits of improved performance. Even where markets exist, as in Ecuador, prices are distorted by subsidies and other policies.