Browsing by Author "Walker, Harold W."

Now showing 1 - 12 of 12
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    Economic analyses of the effects of calving season on beef cow-calf-forage systems
    Brabrand, Andrew Beverly (Virginia Tech, 1976-10-07)
    Important implications of the study are: beef cow-calf production is competitive over a wide range of beef prices and it may increase farm returns to feed small amounts of corn silage rather than grow additional pasture even when the weaned steer calf-corn ratio is quite low.
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    Fermentation, utilization and palatability of broiler litter ensiled at different moisture levels and with high moisture corn grain
    Caswell, Larry Forrest (Virginia Tech, 1975-02-11)
    The feasibility of ensiling broiler litter alone, with added water or with high moisture corn grain was evaluated. Wood shaving based broiler litter was ensiled in small laboratory silos (about 4 liters) at moisture levels of 15.6 (no water added), 20, 30, 40 and 50%. Maximum fermentation was approached at 40% moisture as measured by silage pH and levels of lactic and acetic acids and water-soluble carbohydrates. Coliform bacteria were eliminated by ensiling at 20 to 50% moisture. In a subsequent study, litter was ground and 545 kg were ensiled alone (22% moisture) or with added water to elevate the moisture to 40%. Active fermentation occurred, and coliforms were eliminated in the silage containing 40% moisture. Twenty-four wethers and 12 steers were used in a metabolism study and a palatability study, respectively. Four rations were supplemented with: (1) dry heat processed litter [260 C at a depth of 1.3 cm for 30 min.]; (2) 22% moisture litter silage; (3) 40% moisture litter silage; or (4) soybean meal. Supplements supplied 50% of the dietary nitrogen in the metabolism trial. Nitrogen retention was lower (P<.01) for the ration supplemented with processed litter than for the other rations. Apparent digestibility was not significantly different among the three rations supplemented with litter, but digestion coefficients for dry matter and crude fiber were lower (P<.05) for the ration supplemented with soybean meal. Litter supplied 50% of the total ration dry matter in the palatability study. Dry matter intakes by cattle were similar for the two rations containing litter silage and were significantly (P<.01) lower than for cattle fed the conventional soybean meal supplemented ration. In another study, ground high moisture (26%) corn grain was ensiled alone or with ground litter in a 2 to 1 ratio in approximate 1 metric ton masses. The extent of fermentation in the corn-litter mixture was less than in corn ensiled alone. Twenty-four wethers were used in a metabolism trial and 12 steers were individually fed in two 15-day palatability trials. The four rations tested in both studies contained: (1) ensiled corn; (2) ensiled corn-litter mixture; (3) ensiled corn and dry heat processed litter [260 C at a depth of 1.3 cm for 30 min.]; or (4) ensiled corn and soybean meal. Nitrogen intake was similar for the three supplemented rations (2, 3, 4) fed in the metabolism study. Nitrogen retention was lowest (P<.01) for the unsupplemented ration (1). Retention was significantly higher (P<.01) for the soybean meal than for the litter-containing rations. This can be attributed mainly to lower fecal nitrogen excretion. Coefficients of apparent digestibility were usually significantly lower for the unsupplemented than for the supplemented rations. Apparent digestibility of crude protein was lower (P<.01) for both litter-containing rations than for the soybean meal supplemented ration. Digestion coefficients for dry matter, crude fiber, and NFE were not significantly different among rations 2, 3 and 4. Dry matter intakes tended to be higher for cattle fed litter than for those fed the soybean meal supplemented ration. Intake was lowest (P<.01) for the unsupplemented ration.
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    The market review of peep and moo: eggtober
    Walker, Harold W.; Conner. M.C. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1958-10)
    Discussion of nutritional value and pricing of eggs in Virginia. Dairy prices.
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    The market review of peep and moo: foreign trade in poultry and eggs
    Walker, Harold W.; Ortego, Albert J. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1959-05-06)
    Exports of poultry and eggs
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    The market review of peep and moo: frying chickens
    Walker, Harold W.; Ortego, Albert J. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1959-04)
    Market prices of frying chickens
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    The market review of peep and moo: general poultry outlook
    Walker, Harold W.; Arnold, Carl J. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1958-11-12)
    Consumption of eggs and dairy products in Virginia
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    The market review of peep and moo: marketing spreads for eggs and frying chickens
    Walker, Harold W.; Ortego, Albert J. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1959-03)
    Marketing of eggs and chickens
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    The market review of peep and moo: marketing turkeys eggs and broilers
    Walker, Harold W.; Arnold, Carl J. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1958-06)
    Factors affecting the bruising of broilers; dairy section
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    The market review of peep and moo: proposed requirements for certification of USDA fresh fancy quality eggs
    Walker, Harold W.; Ortego, Albert J. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1959-01-15)
    Proposed requirements for certification of USDA fresh fancy quality eggs
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    The market review of peep and moo: should I continue producing broilers?
    Walker, Harold W.; Ortego, Albert J. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1959-02)
    Performance of broilers in the Virginia market
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    The market review of peep and moo: why do broilers flourish in the south?
    Walker, Harold W.; Ortego, Albert J. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1959-07)
    Broiler production increased in southern states in the 1950s
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    A polyperiod risk programming analysis of smallholder farm development in Kenya
    Lugogo, J. A. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1983)
    Educators in local school systems who have been assigned the task of developing programs for gifted children often experience difficulty deciding what giftedness is. This difficulty stems from the fact that neither researchers nor educators agree as to which of a myriad of abilities actually constitute giftedness. Research literature on cultural differences suggests that a solution to the problem might lie in the development of a definition based on the attitudes and perceptions of the population to whom the definition is to be applied. In light of these suggestions, this study focused on the development of a definition of giftedness based on the attitudes and perceptions of the residents of a rural county in Appalachia. The site specific definition was subsequently compared with the most widely used conventional definition, i.e., the federal definition. A second focal point of the study was the elicitation of a list of respondents' perceptions of means of identifying gifted children and a list of appropriate educational services for these children. Again, the site specific elements were compared with their conventional counterparts. The Renzulli/Hartman Scale for Rating Behavioral Characteristics of Superior Students served as a basis of comparison for the identification criteria. The conventional approach to the provision of services was derived from a synthesis of a body of literature describing special educational services for gifted children. The data collection centered around the determination of local attitudes and perceptions. The methodology, the Heuristic Elicitation Methodology, is one that is used by anthropologists and psycholinguists who seek to assess the knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and preferences of specific groups. For the respondents, giftedness is a global concept comprising 18 elements. These elements are perceived as being closely related to each other in that they share a number of common features. The analysis also resulted in 16 items that are attributes of gifted people. Finally, the analysis showed that there are 13 kinds of educational services that are appropriate for gifted children. Some of these gifts/talents, attributes, and services are similar to their conventional counterparts; others are not.