Browsing by Author "Walker, Jane L."

Now showing 1 - 15 of 15
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    December 2006 Report Of The Academic Advisory Committee To Virginia Department Of Environmental Quality: Freshwater Nutrient Criteria For Rivers And Streams
    Zipper, Carl E.; Yagow, Eugene R.; Walker, Jane L.; Smith, Eric P.; Shabman, Leonard A.; Smock, Leonard A.; Hershner, Carl H.; Younos, Tamim M.; Benfield, Ernest F.; Bukaveckas, Paul A.; Garman, Greg C.; Kator, Howard I.; Lung, Wu-Seng; Stephenson, Stephen Kurt (Virginia Water Resources Research Center, 2007-01-10)
    This report reviews activities conducted by the Academic Advisory Committee to the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) between July and December 2006. Activities were conducted for the purpose of developing recommendations for DEQ regarding nutrient criteria for freshwater rivers and streams.
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    December 2006 Report of the Academic Advisory Committee to Virginia Department of Environmental Quality: Freshwater Nutrient Criteria for Rivers and Streams
    Zipper, Carl E.; Yagow, Eugene R.; Walker, Jane L.; Smith, Eric P.; Shabman, Leonard A.; Smock, Leonard A.; Hershner, Carl H.; Younos, Tamim M.; Benfield, Ernest F.; Bukaveckas, Paul A.; Garman, Greg C.; Kator, Howard I.; Lung, Wu-Seng; Stephenson, Stephen Kurt (Virginia Water Resources Research Center, 2007-01-10)
    This report reviews activities conducted by the Academic Advisory Committee to the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) between July and December 2006. Activities were conducted for the purpose of developing recommendations for DEQ regarding nutrient criteria for freshwater rivers and streams.
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    Development of Aquatic Life Use Assessment Protocols for Class VII Waters in Virginia: 2013 Report of the Academic Advisory Committee for Virginia Department for Environmental Quality
    Garman, Gregory Carpenter, 1957-; Smock, Leonard A.; Garey, Andrew L.; McIninch, Stephen P. (Virginia Water Resources Research Center, 2013-11)
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    Issues Related to Freshwater Nutrient Criteria for Lakes and Reservoirs in Virginia
    Zipper, Carl E.; Ney, John J.; Smock, Leonard A.; Smith, Eric P.; Little, John C.; Stephenson, Stephen Kurt; Bukaveckas, Paul A.; Yagow, Eugene R.; Walker, Jane L.; Younos, Tamim M. (Virginia Water Resources Research Center, 2005-04)
    This report of the Academic Advisory Committee (AAC) to the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) contains information intended to aid DEQ’s development of nutrient criteria for the state of Virginia in a manner which is compliant with EPA requirements. This report builds upon an earlier report prepared by the AAC in July of 2004 (AAC 2004), which contains background and justification for the procedures employed. The report addresses issues related to freshwater nutrient criteria development for lakes and reservoirs. It includes six appendices: a summary of lake data used in this report (Appendix A), a paper comparing two reservoirs in Virginia (Appendix B), responses to DEQ questions concerning dissolved oxygen criteria for lakes (Appendix C), and lake recreational user perception (Appendices D).
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    A Literature Review for use in Nutrient Criteria Development for Freshwater Streams and Rivers in Virginia
    Walker, Jane L.; Zipper, Carl E.; Shabman, Leonard A.; Younos, Tamim M. (Virginia Water Resources Research Center, 2006-02-15)
    To protect the designated uses of streams and rivers, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) is directing states and authorized tribes to develop numeric criteria for nutrients. As a part of the efforts in Virginia, the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality requested specifically that the Academic Advisory Committee conduct a comprehensive literature search on the following topics: • Investigate methods for defining undesirable (nuisance) levels of periphytic algae in wadeable streams, and what such studies have concluded as undesirable (nuisance) levels. • Investigate a corresponding approach to planktonic algae in non-wadeable streams. The purpose of this review is to provide background information for the interested public, the Academic Advisory Committee, and the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality to facilitate discussions concerning nutrient criteria development in Virginia. The review aims to identify approaches that could help Virginia in its task of developing nutrient-related numeric criteria for non-tidal freshwater streams and rivers and highlights criteria values defined in other areas through application of such methods. Section I contains background information pertaining to nutrient criteria development, nitrogen, phosphorus, and primary production. Section II provides information about and examples of research or criteria proposed in other regions that pertain to the approaches recommended by the U.S. EPA for establishing numeric nutrient criteria. These approaches include: (1) the reference approach, (2) the predictive relationship approach, and (3) the published nutrient criteria and threshold approach. Section II also includes information about the development of numeric criteria to protect downstream waters. Section III of the review provides an alternative approach to developing numeric nutrient criteria proposed by the Kansas Department of Health and Environment but not yet reviewed by the U.S. EPA. This alternative approach emphasizes nutrient reductions by adhering to a developed nutrient export budget. This document does not provide information on many issues that need to be discussed before Virginia sets numeric nutrient criteria. The literature review, therefore, should not be used to select numeric values for non-tidal freshwater streams and rivers in Virginia simply based on the research or criteria of others. Additional work is needed to address issues not discussed in this review.
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    Nutrients in Lakes and Reservoirs: A Literature Review for use in Nutrient Criteria Development
    Walker, Jane L.; Younos, Tamim M.; Zipper, Carl E. (Virginia Water Resources Research Center, 2007-08-24)
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    Proceedings: 2006 Virginia Water Science and Technology Symposium
    (Virginia Water Resources Research Center, 2008)
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    Report of the Academic Advisory Committee to Virginia Department of Environmental Quality - Freshwater Nutrient Criteria
    Zipper, Carl E.; Benfield, Ernest F.; Dillaha, Theo A. III; Grizzard, Thomas J.; Hershner, Carl H.; Kator, Howard I.; Lung, Wu-Seng; Ney, John J.; Shabman, Leonard A.; Smith, Eric P.; Smock, Leonard A.; Walker, Jane L.; Yagow, Eugene R.; Younos, Tamim M. (Virginia Water Resources Research Center, 2004-07-20)
    The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requires all states to develop criteria to protect waters from impairment by nutrient enrichment. In this report, the AAC addresses general nutrient criteria development issues that face the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), responds to specific questions posed by DEQ, and provides additional background information that we hope will be of value to DEQ in the nutrient criteria development process.
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    Report of the Academic Advisory Committee to Virginia Department of Environmental Quality: Freshwater Nutrient Criteria for Rivers and Streams
    Zipper, Carl E.; Bukaveckas, Paul A.; Shabman, Leonard A.; Stephenson, Stephen Kurt; Yagow, Eugene R.; Smith, Eric P.; Smock, Leonard A.; Benfield, Ernest F.; Hershner, Carl H.; Kator, Howard I.; Lung, Wu-Seng; Walker, Jane L.; Younos, Tamim M. (Virginia Water Resources Research Center, 2006-06-12)
    This report describes an approach for establishing nutrient criteria in Virginia’s freshwater rivers and streams as recommended by the Academic Advisory Committee (AAC), an interdisciplinary team of scientists from Virginia’s colleges and universities. The report addresses questions raised by personnel from the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) and was prepared at the request of and in consultation with DEQ staff.
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    A "Screening Approach" for Nutrient Criteria in Virginia: Report of the Academic Advisory Committee for Virginia Department of Environmental Quality
    Zipper, Carl E.; Holtzman, Golde I.; Shabman, Leonard A.; Stephenson, Stephen Kurt; Walker, Jane L.; Yagow, Eugene R. (Virginia Water Resources Research Center, 2012-07)
    Under the Clean Water Act (CWA), criteria are components of water quality standards that are intended to protect designated uses for waters of the U.S. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) (“nutrients”) are common water contaminants that challenge conventional methods for establishing water quality criteria for an essential designated use, the protection of aquatic life. Unlike many water contaminants for which criteria have been established, nutrients typically do not exert primary effects on aquatic life by acting as toxicants. Excess nutrients in freshwater streams stimulate growth of algae that can impair stream communities by causing oxygen depletion and through other pathways. Because excess nutrients in surface waters are well known as stressors that impair aquatic life and impact other uses, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is requiring CWA agencies throughout the U.S. to establish criteria for nutrients. The Academic Advisory Committee (AAC) to the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) has recommended a screening approach for nutrient criteria in Virginia as an alternative to single fixed-concentration numeric criteria as is commonly employed for conventional toxicants. Here, we investigate the potential to establish nutrient criteria using a screening approach by seeking to derive screening parameters from analyses of Virginia DEQ water monitoring data.
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    A Screening-Value Approach to Nutrient Criteria Development for Freshwater Wadeable Streams in the Mountain and Piedmont Regions of Virginia: July 2008 – June 2009 Activities
    Zipper, Carl E.; Holtzman, Golde I.; Smock, Leonard A.; Yagow, Eugene R.; Benfield, Ernest F.; Bukaveckas, Paul A.; Lung, Wu-Seng; Shabman, Leonard A.; Stephenson, Stephen Kurt; Walker, Jane L.; Younos, Tamim M. (Virginia Water Resources Research Center, 2009)
    This report documents activities being conducted by the Water Quality Academic Advisory Committee (AAC) to Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) in collaboration with Virginia DEQ for the purpose of developing nutrient criteria for wadeable, freshwater rivers and streams in the Mountain and Piedmont regions of Virginia. The Mountain region of Virginia is within the following Level III Ecoregions: Central Appalachians, Ridge and Valley, and Blue Ridge. The Piedmont region of Virginia is within the following Level III Ecoregions: Northern Piedmont and Piedmont.
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    Technical And Policy Considerations And Options In Assessing Nutrient Stresses On Freshwater Streams In Virginia
    Zipper, Carl E.; Stephenson, Stephen Kurt; Shabman, Leonard A.; Yagow, Eugene R.; Walker, Jane L. (Virginia Water Resources Research Center, 2012-12-24)
    This report is prepared for the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) by the Academic Advisory Committee (AAC) to communicate perspectives of the Committee concerning nutrient criteria for freshwaters in the Commonwealth. The AAC has been advising DEQ on nutrient criteria development since 2003. Activities have included providing general advice and perspectives to initiate the process in 2003-2004; advising development of criteria for lakes and reservoirs, now completed; and advising on development of criteria for freshwater rivers and streams, ongoing. The AAC has proposed that nutrient criteria for freshwater wadeable rivers and streams be executed through what it calls the “Screening Approach.” In its June 2012 report, the AAC investigated the feasibility for application of the Screening Approach by deriving potential screening parameters from Virginia DEQ water monitoring data and by conducting a preliminary investigation of the resource requirements for implementation of the approach. Here, we provide Virginia DEQ with the Committee’s perspectives concerning scientific and policy issues and options related to application of the Screening Approach. This document is intended to serve as a supplement to the AAC’s 2012 report and is being provided at the request of Virginia DEQ. The focus of this document is nutrient criteria for freshwater wadeable rivers and streams (referred to as “streams” throughout the document) in Virginia’s Mountain and Piedmont regions.
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    TMDLs (Total Maximum Daily Loads) for Benthic Impairments
    Benham, Brian L.; Walker, Jane L.; Yagow, Eugene R. (Virginia Cooperative Extension, 2009-05-01)
    "Benthic" refers to the aquatic organisms living in or on the bottom of a body of water. Waters in which the benthic community is degraded violate Virginia's water quality standard and are considered to have "benthic impairment." publication explains how benthic impairments are determined and how this relates to the TMDL process.