Sediment detachment and transport functions to simulate soil loss from reclaimed mine soils

The Finite Element Storm Hydrograph Model ( FESHM), a distributed parameter model developed in the Department of Agricultural Engineering at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, was modified to predict sediment yield from surface-mined areas. Separate functions were included to define interrill detachment, rill detachment, and transport capacity of overland flow. Data from rainfall simulator studies, which were conducted at two surface mine sites in southern West Virginia, were used for field verification of the model.

A comparison of simulated and recorded hydrographs showed good agreement. The model, however, consistently overpredicted sediment yield. Two factors, aggregate stability and armoring, were shown to contribute to the biased predictions.