Temporal Dynamics of Aerodynamic Canopy Height Derived From Eddy Covariance Momentum Flux Data Across North American Flux Networks

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dc.contributor.authorChu, Housenen
dc.contributor.authorBaldocchi, Dennis D.en
dc.contributor.authorPoindexter, Cristinaen
dc.contributor.authorAbraha, Michaelen
dc.contributor.authorDesai, Ankur R.en
dc.contributor.authorBohrer, Gilen
dc.contributor.authorArain, M. Altafen
dc.contributor.authorGriffis, Timothyen
dc.contributor.authorBlanken, Peter D.en
dc.contributor.authorO'Halloran, Thomas L.en
dc.contributor.authorThomas, R. Quinnen
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Quanen
dc.contributor.authorBurns, Sean P.en
dc.contributor.authorFrank, John M.en
dc.contributor.authorChristian, Dolden
dc.contributor.authorBrown, Shannonen
dc.contributor.authorBlack, T. Andrewen
dc.contributor.authorGough, Christopher M.en
dc.contributor.authorLaw, Beverly E.en
dc.contributor.authorLee, Xuhuien
dc.contributor.authorChen, Jiquanen
dc.contributor.authorReed, David E.en
dc.contributor.authorMassman, William J.en
dc.contributor.authorClark, Kennethen
dc.contributor.authorHatfield, Jerryen
dc.contributor.authorPrueger, Johnen
dc.contributor.authorBracho, Rosvelen
dc.contributor.authorBaker, John M.en
dc.contributor.authorMartin, Timothy A.en
dc.contributor.departmentForest Resources and Environmental Conservationen
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-10T17:47:48Zen
dc.date.available2020-03-10T17:47:48Zen
dc.date.issued2018-09-16en
dc.description.abstractAerodynamic canopy height (h(a)) is the effective height of vegetation canopy for its influence on atmospheric fluxes and is a key parameter of surface-atmosphere coupling. However, methods to estimate h(a) from data are limited. This synthesis evaluates the applicability and robustness of the calculation of h(a) from eddy covariance momentum-flux data. At 69 forest sites, annual h(a) robustly predicted site-to-site and year-to-year differences in canopy heights (R-2=0.88, 111site-years). At 23 cropland/grassland sites, weekly h(a) successfully captured the dynamics of vegetation canopies over growing seasons (R-2>0.70 in 74site-years). Our results demonstrate the potential of flux-derived h(a) determination for tracking the seasonal, interannual, and/or decadal dynamics of vegetation canopies including growth, harvest, land use change, and disturbance. The large-scale and time-varying h(a) derived from flux networks worldwide provides a new benchmark for regional and global Earth system models and satellite remote sensing of canopy structure. Plain Language Summary Vegetation canopy height is a key descriptor of the Earth surface and is in use by many modeling and conservation applications. However, large-scale and time-varying data of canopy heights are often unavailable. This synthesis evaluates the applicability and robustness of the calculation of canopy heights from the momentum flux data measured at eddy covariance flux tower sites (i.e., meteorological observation towers with high frequency measurements of wind speed and surface fluxes). We show that the aerodynamic estimation of annual canopy heights robustly predicts the site-to-site and year-to-year differences in canopy heights across a wide variety of forests. The weekly aerodynamic canopy heights successfully capture the dynamics of vegetation canopies over growing seasons at cropland and grassland sites. Our results demonstrate the potential of aerodynamic canopy heights for tracking the seasonal, interannual, and/or decadal dynamics of vegetation canopies including growth, harvest, land use change, and disturbance. Given the amount of data collected and the diversity of vegetation covered by the global networks of eddy covariance flux tower sites, the flux-derived canopy height has great potential for providing a new benchmark for regional and global Earth system models and satellite remote sensing of canopy structure.en
dc.description.adminPublic domain – authored by a U.S. government employeeen
dc.description.notesThis study is supported by FLUXNET and AmeriFlux projects, sponsored by U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science (DE-SC0012456 and DE-AC02-05CH11231). We thank the supports from AmeriFlux Data Team: Gilberto Pastorello, Deb Agarwal, Danielle Christianson, You-Wei Cheah, Norman Beekwilder, Tom Boden, Bai Yang, and Dario Papale, and Berkeley Biomet Lab: Siyan Ma, Joseph Verfaillie, Elke Eichelmann, and Sara Knox. This work uses eddy covariance and BADM data acquired and shared by the investigators involved in the AmeriFlux and Fluxnet-Canada Research Network. The site list and corresponding references are provided in the supporting information. We thank Claudia Wagner-Riddle, Andy Suyker, David Cook, Asko Noormets, Paul Stoy, and Brian Amiro for providing additional data. All actual canopy height data can be downloaded from AmeriFlux BADM. The R codes and aerodynamic canopy height data can be accessed at http://github.com/chuhousen/aerodynamic_canopy_height.en
dc.description.sponsorshipU.S. Department of Energy's Office of ScienceUnited States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0012456, DE-AC02-05CH11231]en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079306en
dc.identifier.eissn1944-8007en
dc.identifier.issn0094-8276en
dc.identifier.issue17en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/97306en
dc.identifier.volume45en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedicationen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/en
dc.subjectmomentum fluxen
dc.subjectAmeriFluxen
dc.subjecteddy covarianceen
dc.subjectcanopy heighten
dc.subjectphenologyen
dc.titleTemporal Dynamics of Aerodynamic Canopy Height Derived From Eddy Covariance Momentum Flux Data Across North American Flux Networksen
dc.title.serialGeophysical Research Lettersen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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