Rapid decline of Calonectria pseudonaviculata soil population in selected gardens across the United States

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dc.contributor.authorHong, Chuanxueen
dc.contributor.authorDaughtrey, Margeryen
dc.contributor.authorHowle, Matthewen
dc.contributor.authorSchirmer, Scotten
dc.contributor.authorKosta, Kathleenen
dc.contributor.authorKong, Pingen
dc.contributor.authorLikins, Michaelen
dc.contributor.authorSuslow, Karenen
dc.date.accessioned2023-01-04T15:16:31Zen
dc.date.available2023-01-04T15:16:31Zen
dc.date.issued2022-11-01en
dc.date.updated2022-12-31T21:13:45Zen
dc.description.abstractCalonectria pseudonaviculata (Cps) poses a serious threat to boxwood, an iconic landscape plant in American and European gardens. Under the mild climatic conditions of the United Kingdom, Cps remained recoverable in infected leaf debris after being left on the soil surface or buried for 5 years. The primary objective of this study was to determine how this fungus may be affected by the warmer summers and colder winters in the United States by sampling and baiting soil with boxwood cuttings and by on-site testing with sentinel plants. Soil sampling started in a Virginia garden in January 2016 and was extended to California, Illinois, New York, and South Carolina in early summer of 2017 through late fall of 2018. The Cps soil population as measured by the percentage of infected bait leaves declined sharply within the first year of blighted boxwood removal and fell to an almost undetectable level at the end of this study. To validate these baiting results, the Virginia garden was tested on site four times with container-grown boxwood plants while the South Carolina garden and three New York gardens were tested once. Each test began with sentinel plants set out for field exposure, followed by evaluation on site and then in the laboratory after plants were retrieved from these gardens and incubated under conducive environments for 2 weeks. Cps was not observed on any sentinel boxwood plant on site or in the laboratory with one exception. These observations indicate that Cps did not survive in the United States garden soil over time as well as it did in the United Kingdom. These results have important practical implications while challenging the notion that fungi producing microsclerotia will always survive in the soil for many years.en
dc.description.versionSubmitted versionen
dc.format.extentPages 2831-2838en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-22-0443-REen
dc.identifier.eissn1943-7692en
dc.identifier.issn0191-2917en
dc.identifier.issue11en
dc.identifier.orcidHong, Chuanxue [0000-0001-7389-5157]en
dc.identifier.pmid35486597en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/113023en
dc.identifier.volume106en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherAmerican Phytopathological Societyen
dc.relation.urihttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35486597en
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectdrought impacten
dc.subjectpathogen ecologyen
dc.subjectsoil biologyen
dc.subjecttemperature sensitivityen
dc.subject.meshPlantsen
dc.subject.meshBuxusen
dc.subject.meshSoilen
dc.subject.meshPlant Diseasesen
dc.subject.meshUnited Statesen
dc.subject.meshVirginiaen
dc.subject.meshGardensen
dc.titleRapid decline of Calonectria pseudonaviculata soil population in selected gardens across the United Statesen
dc.title.serialPlant Diseaseen
dc.typeArticleen
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.otherArticleen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/Hampton Roads ARECen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/CALS T&R Facultyen

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