All Faculty Deposits

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The "All Faculty Deposits" collection contains works deposited by faculty and appointed delegates from the Elements (EFARs) system. For help with Elements, see Frequently Asked Questions on the Provost's website. In general, items can only be deposited if the item is a scholarly article that is covered by Virginia Tech's open access policy, or the item is openly licensed or in the public domain, or the item is permitted to be posted online under the journal/publisher policy, or the depositor owns the copyright. See Right to Deposit on the VTechWorks Help page. If you have questions email us at vtechworks@vt.edu.

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Risk Factors for Dislocation After Direct Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty
Pratson, Lincoln; Pekas, Devon R.; Kilinc, Mehmet; Patel, Neel; Moskal, Joseph T.; Adrados, Murillo (Elsevier, 2025-06-02)
Background: Dislocation is a leading indication for revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). Several patient factors, implant choices, and radiographic outcomes, including abnormal spinopelvic motion, have been linked to instability following posterior approach THA. To date, no study has analyzed these factors in an exclusively direct anterior approach (DAA) cohort. This study aimed to identify demographic, radiographic, and implant-related factors associated with postoperative dislocation in patients undergoing primary THA through the DAA. Methods: Patients who underwent primary THA via DAA for osteoarthritis from January 2012 to December 2022, complicated by postoperative dislocation (THA+D), were retrospectively reviewed. Demographics, surgical variables, and radiographic parameters were recorded. The 27 identified THA+D patients were matched 1:2 on age, sex, body mass index, and Charlson Comorbidity Index to a control group who underwent THA via DAA for osteoarthritis without postoperative dislocation (controls). Results: The THA+D patients had a higher prevalence of radiographically confirmed lumbar fusion (odds ratio 10.5, 95% confidence interval 2.4 to 45.5; P = 0.0016). There were no significant differences in other patient (diagnosis of lumbar degenerative disease, narcotic use), implant (head size, acetabular diameter, neck length), or radiographic (leg-length or offset change, acetabular inclination or anteversion) characteristics between the groups. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that spinal fusion may be a risk factor for dislocation after DAA THA. Furthermore, although no association between radiographic or implant-related factors and postoperative dislocation was observed in our sample, the limited number of cases may preclude definitive conclusions. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic study, Level III (retrospective cohort study).
The Forgotten Half of Team Science: Elevating Followership for Scientific Collaboration and Innovation
Kaufman, Eric K. (International Network for the Science of Team Science (INSciTS), 2025-07-29)
Scientific progress thrives on effective collaboration, yet much of the focus in team science remains on leadership, often overlooking the essential role of followership. This presentation will explore the critical yet underappreciated function of followership in team science, arguing that successful research collaborations require not only effective leadership but also engaged, adaptive, and proactive followership. The traditional paradigm of team science emphasizes principal investigators and research leads, positioning leadership as the primary driver of collaboration. However, emerging research suggests that followership is equally vital in shaping team dynamics, facilitating knowledge integration, and ensuring that collaborative efforts translate into meaningful scientific advancements. Followership is not a passive role but an active process of engagement, influencing team cohesion, research productivity, and innovation. Drawing from insights in followership theory, we will discuss key dimensions of followership, including co-creation, adaptability, and accountability—qualities that contribute to a team’s ability to navigate complex research environments. We will also explore the Möbius Strip metaphor, which depicts leadership and followership as fluid and interconnected rather than hierarchical, providing a more accurate representation of team science dynamics. This perspective shifts the conversation from an outdated leader-follower dichotomy to a more nuanced understanding of collaborative agency. Additionally, findings from recent studies suggest that strong followership is directly linked to improved knowledge sharing, conflict resolution, and shared decision-making in research teams. Yet, most training programs and institutional policies focus exclusively on leadership development, neglecting the equally important need to cultivate effective followership. By shifting this imbalance, institutions and funding agencies can foster a more holistic approach to team science training and capacity-building. The session will present three key strategies for integrating followership into team science frameworks: (1) Followership Training – Offering structured training modules that equip team members with the skills to engage in constructive dissent, support collaborative leadership, and take initiative in research processes. (2) Recognition and Reward Systems – Encouraging research institutions and funding agencies to recognize and incentivize followership contributions, through mentorship, collaboration, and cross-disciplinary integration. (3) Cultural Shift in Team Science – Promoting an organizational culture that values reciprocal leader-follower dynamics, enabling teams to harness the full potential of collective intelligence. In conclusion, advancing team science requires more than effective leadership—it demands a redefinition of what it means to contribute to scientific collaboration. Followership, when understood and cultivated, serves as the backbone of successful research teams. By fostering strong followership alongside leadership, the scientific community can unlock new levels of collaboration, creativity, and impact. This session aims to bridge the gap in current discourse, advocating for a model of team science that fully acknowledges and supports followership as a core component of research success.
From Holidays to Heritage: A Critical Content Analysis of NCSS Notable Trade Books about Religion
Allen, Amy E.; Hansen, Christian; Yates, Libby (2025-04-24)
A Portrait of Rural Social Studies Teachers: Demographics and Implications for Professional Development
Allen, Amy E.; Williams, Thomas O.; Hicks, David (American Educational Research Association, 2024-04-11)
In this study, we first provide a snapshot of key demographics and characteristics of social studies teachers in a rural setting based the 2017-2018 National Teacher and Principal Survey (NTPS) restricted-use data file from the National Center for Educational Statistics (NCES), administered by the Institute for Education Sciences (IES). Second, we look at potential implications based on specific insights from the data, including recognition of the change happening in the demographics of rural communities and a need for sustained PD about teaching students with diverse identities.
Building on Existing Theories of How Teachers Learn: Preparation, Commitment, Relationship, and Agency
Allen, Amy E. (2025-07-15)
Despite the promise of discussion-based pedagogy in fostering democratic habits and critical thinking, classroom discussion remains underutilized in elementary social studies. This qualitative case study investigates how three elementary teachers learned and implemented discussion strategies introduced through a series of professional development (PD) sessions. Framed by theories of personal and personal practical knowledge, the study explores the relationship between teacher learning and practice. Drawing on interviews, classroom observations, and analytic memos, four interrelated factors emerged as critical to teacher uptake: preparation, commitment, relationship, and agency. Findings illustrate that teachers’ prior experiences, perceived control, and levels of support significantly influenced whether and how PD learning was integrated into instruction. Rather than assuming a linear relationship between exposure and implementation, this study emphasizes the complex and relational nature of teacher learning. It highlights the importance of sustained, content-specific PD grounded in trust, reflection, and contextually responsive mentorship. Ultimately, this research contributes to our understanding of how in-service teachers translate PD into practice and underscores the unique opportunities and challenges of fostering authentic discussion in elementary social studies classrooms.
Evaluating the Evaluation Matrices: Integrating Spatial Assessment in Geospatial AI Model Training and Evaluation
Lyu, Fangzheng (Purdue University, 2025-07-21)
This paper examines the limitations of current evaluation metrics in GeoAI. Through two case studies on deep learning models—a building detection classification problem and a remote sensing image fusion regression problem—this paper demonstrates how traditional statistical evaluation matrices alone can be misleading in geospatial problems. The findings indicate that traditional metrics (e.g., RMSE, MAE) used in current GeoAI models can have difficulty capturing the spatial dimensions inherent to geospatial problems. This paper suggests that the model evaluation process in GeoAI should move beyond traditional evaluation matrices by integrating spatial thinking throughout the modeling pipeline—not only incorporating spatial accuracy in model evaluation but also embedding it within optimization functions in model structure and model training.
Niece and nephew dementia caregivers: Family relationships and care dynamics
Roberto, Karen A.; Savla, Jyoti S. (Oxford University Press, 2025-06)
Background and objectives: The dementia caregiving literature has largely ignored extended family caregivers who play a vital role in sustaining community living for older adults living with dementia. Guided by a life course perspective and grounded in a stress-coping framework, we focus attention on the caregiving experiences of nieces/nephews who have assumed the role of primary caregiver for their aunts/uncles, a topic that has received limited attention in the research literature. Research design and methods: Employing a mixed-methods design, we conducted interviews with 20 niece and 5 nephew primary caregivers (Mage = 55 yrs; R = 38-67). Interviews were analyzed following principles of the life history approach to understand how family history and dynamics shaped care responsibilities and practices; correlation analyses assessed associations with caregiver outcomes. Results: Interactions in childhood provided the foundation for establishing relationships with aunts/uncles. Two-thirds of the nieces/nephews never expected to be their relative's caregiver, but rather either gradually "fell into it" or abruptly assumed the role because of "family circumstances." Caregivers relied primarily on their own family for help with care tasks; aunts'/uncles' family members and paid services provided targeted assistance. Nieces/nephews who relied on family support to assist with care experienced more caregiver burden and faced greater family strain. Discussion and implications: The nieces/nephews embraced their caregiver roles and were committed to ensuring their aunts/uncles received the care they needed. Findings contribute new knowledge about the complexity of extended family relationships and realities of dementia care amidst the transformations occurring in family life today.
Industry Members' Perceptions About ABET-Based Accreditation: An Exploratory Study in a Developing Country
Padilla, V. Sanchez; Espinal, Albert; Case, Jennifer M.; Cordova-Garcia, Jose; Murzi, Homero (IEEE, 2024-10)
Contribution: This study explores industry members' perceptions about the ABET-based accreditation in a developing country, using the case study of a program in a publicly funded polytechnic university in Ecuador. Background: Engineering programs often seek international accreditations to enhance the education quality, align with the global standards or gain academic reputation. ABET-based accreditation originates in United States, and thus presents some challenges for institutions in developing countries. Intended Outcomes: This study aimed to investigate the significance of international academic accreditation, as seen through the perspective of industry members. It focused on identifying fundamental competencies valued by employers and aimed to provide insights for institutions in similar contexts. Application Design: The research employed an approach informed by a qualitative methodology, involving in-depth interviews with five industry members who had served on the advisory committee board of an engineering program from a higher education institution in Ecuador. Findings: The findings identified three main areas of competencies that the industry members value: communication skills for teamwork, a problem-solving orientation, and an ability for effective task planning. The study also showed that these industry members value international accreditation as a means for enhancing education quality and ensuring graduates develop the necessary skills and competencies, yet the overall awareness with their peers remains relatively low.
Queuing Delay Reduction based on Network Traffic Patterns: A Predictive QoS Framework For Point-To-Point Communications
Espinal, Albert; Padilla, V. Sanchez (Sciendo, 2025-04-01)
Ensuring optimal quality of service (QoS) in computer networks requires a detailed assessment of performance metrics, with data network queuing delay within intermediate devices being critical parameters. This paper presents a predictive Quality of Service (QoS) model designed to reduce queuing delays by analyzing traffic patterns in intermediate devices in point-to-point network connections. The proposed novel Length Packet Queuing (LPQ) model leverages packet length analysis to predict and manage queuing delays without relying on traditional packet marking mechanisms. Through Poisson distribution and polynomial regression models, network traffic patterns and queuing delays are estimated, respectively, demonstrating significant improvements of conventional QoS models. Simulations and experimental scenarios validated the LPQ model's effectiveness, showing lower delays through various network loads and traffic conditions. The results of this research highlight the potential of the novel LPQ model for enhancing QoS in hybrid networks, where user applications generate diverse packets.
Auditors’ Response to Client Corruption: Evidence from Google Document Frequency
Brown, Nerissa C.; Joe, Jennifer R.; Smith, Kecia Williams; Wang, Henry (Wiley, 2025-07-14)
The heated debate on auditors’ responsibility to detect client illegal activity and the related protracted standard‐setting implementation underscores an urgent need to understand how auditors respond to client‐specific noncompliance with laws and regulations (NOCLAR). Although prior research has examined auditors’ responses to noncompliance risks in the context of foreign bribery and political corruption, these studies’ insights are limited due to a focus on regional corruption proxies or clients with observable acts of foreign corruption. Our study introduces a Google document‐frequency measure that captures both the actual and perceived prevalence of illegal acts by firms in each year. A key advantage of our time‐varying, client‐specific measure is that it provides a holistic proxy of illegality by capitalizing on widely disseminated textual information in decentralized Internet databases. We first demonstrate that our Google‐based corruption measure is a leading predictor of client noncompliance risks, offering incremental predictive power beyond regional corruption proxies. We then predict and find that auditors’ input and output behavior is associated with this novel measure. Specifically, in response to client corruption, auditors adjust their production inputs and charge higher audit fees. Related to audit output, we find that financial restatements and auditor decision errors are more prevalent for corrupt clients. This evidence suggests that, although auditors appropriately price for noncompliance risk, their execution of the audit does not fully adjust for the risk identified.
Motivating conservation action in the Upper Midwest: Source attention, information seeking and sharing, and farmers' land management decisions
Wald, Dara M.; Diaz-Manrique, Miguel; Witzling, Laura; Comito, Jaqueline (Wiley, 2025-01)
Adoption of on-farm conservation strategies, such as edge-of-field practices, has the potential to reduce nutrient runoff, promote greater biodiversity, and improve water quality. To date, adoption rates among farmers are extremely low. Communication with farmers has been identified as a vital strategy to encourage the voluntary adoption of these practices and policies that promote on-farm conservation. Yet little is known about which information sources shape farmers' concerns about conservation practices, perceptions of the risks and benefits of conservation practices, and ultimately, adoption behaviors. Using the Social Amplification of Risk Framework, the Risk Information Seeking and Processing Model, and a cross-sectional survey, we examined farmers' concerns about nitrate loss and water quality, perceptions of the risks and benefits of conservation practices, attention to messages and information sources, and communication behaviors. We received N = 474 completed surveys. Attention to agricultural associations was associated with decreased concern about nitrates and diminished perceptions of the benefits of edge-of-field practices. Farmers paying greater attention to non-agricultural and social media sources were more likely to share and seek information. Attention to interpersonal sources was associated with greater adoption behaviors. This work highlights the importance of farmers' social networks, exposure to multiple information sources, and the need to identify new strategies for engagement and direct communication with hard-to-reach audiences. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of this work for conservation communication and land management practices to promote environmental health.
Assessing the need to grow natural resources professionals' competencies beyond conservation
Baker, Julia A.; Grudens-Schuck, Nancy; Arbuckle, J. Gordon; Wald, Dara M.; Janke, Adam K. (Taylor & Francis, 2025-04-13)
Agricultural expansion and intensification have caused significant environmental challenges, which will be exacerbated by climate change. Accordingly, widespread public and private investment in conservation is essential to continue producing food, fiber, and fuel while accessing clean water and protecting biodiversity. Current rates of conservation adoption on farms in the United States are not sufficient to address conservation challenges. Natural resources professionals work at the interface of agriculture and conservation by building cooperative relationships with farmers to increase conservation adoption. We conducted a needs assessment to identify core competencies that could enhance natural resources professionals’ efficacy in increasing conservation adoption. Methods included synthesizing peer-reviewed literature, interviewing conservation agency and organization administrators, and conducting listening sessions with academic researchers and natural resources professionals. Five themes emerged. First, although natural resources professionals are often educated and experienced in conservation, early in their careers, they often lack expertise in agricultural production and farmer decision-making that is necessary to craft compelling and actionable messages that resonate with land managers. Second, an improved understanding of how to integrate agriculture and a diversity of conservation practices could improve their efficacy on the job. Third, natural resources professionals need to be able to communicate clearly and effectively in a way that builds trusting relationships with land managers. Fourth, natural resources professionals need to know how to apply social-scientific principles to effectively motivate behavior change. Finally, networking with colleagues across disciplines can enhance professionals’ ability to make holistic recommendations for farms. These findings indicate the potential for educational interventions and networking opportunities to empower early career natural resources professionals to work cooperatively with farmers and land managers to increase conservation adoption on private agricultural land and improve environmental outcomes.
Infected Grapevines Are Poor Hosts But Can Serve as Source of Pathogen Transmission for SLF
Islam, Md Tariqul; Kudla-Williams, Crosley; Harner, Andrew D.; Centinari, Michela; Rosa, Cristina (2025)
The potential of the invasive spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula White; SLF) to serve as vector of plant pathogens is especially a concern for grapevine growers, as SLF are known to invade and can heavily infest vineyards, where the insects may encounter grapevines with multiple diseases. In this study, we have found that, when given the choice, SLF preferentially fed on healthy vines and that, when forced, feeding on Pierce’s disease (PD)-infected vines had negative effects on nymph development. Upon transmission trials, most of the recipient vines showed scorching symptoms typical of PD and one of the recipient vines resulted positive by qPCR. Our study suggests that SLF could be a vector of PD, however further experiments are needed to determine if transmission would occur under field conditions.
Feeding by Adult Spotted Lanternfly Impacts Carbon Allocation Post Infestation in Young Grapevines
Harner, Andrew D.; Rowles, Taran K.; Kar, Suraj; Briggs, Lauren; Centinari, Michela (American Society for Enology and Viticulture, 2025-06-01)
Background and goals: The spotted lanternfly (SLF), Lycorma delicatula (White), is an invasive sap-feeding planthopper that can negatively affect grapevine carbon assimilation and allocation, but it is unclear if impacts persist post infestation. The goals of this study were to test if adult SLF feeding impacts carbon allocation after SLF removal and confirm the impacts of prolonged adult SLF feeding on starch storage in young vines. Methods and key findings: 13C pulse-labelling was used to measure 13C content of vegetative tissues in young, container-grown Cabernet franc grapevines. We measured total nonstructural carbohydrates in stems and roots. Feeding by SLF impacted carbon allocation: SLF-infested vines had about two times greater 13C content in stems and over four times less 13C in roots than control vines, 12 days after SLF removal. We confirmed that SLF feeding can inhibit carbon allocation to roots, as demonstrated via reductions in root 13C. Conclusions and significance: This study demonstrates that the impacts of adult SLF feeding on carbon allocation may persist following SLF removal, suggesting that carbon reserve refilling may be limited following substantial late season feeding. These results highlight the importance of controlling the exposure time of vines to high populations of adult SLF to avoid impacts on carbon allocation and storage.
A Closer Look at the End of Leadership : A Digital Followership Collection for Leadership Education
Kaufman, Eric K.; Oyedare, Israel; Haugen, Inga (2025-07-15)
Undoubtedly, the field of leadership has experienced a significant shift in recent years. As followership studies and research gain increasing attention, there is a growing call to prepare for its continued development. Thus, Virginia Tech, through a mini-grant and two years of research, is building a digital followership collection with the goal of supporting and advancing the field. This session will introduce participants to the platform, share its potential benefits across contexts, and demonstrate how artificial intelligence interfaces with the digital followership collection.
Building Leadership Capacity: Digital Badges as a Tool for Workforce Development
Kaufman, Eric K.; Coartney, Jama S.; Westfall-Rudd, Donna M.; Seibel, Megan M.; Friedel, Curtis R.; Carmichael, Celeste; White, Amy; Oyedare, Israel (2025-07-13)
Leadership education is evolving to meet the demands of an increasingly complex workforce. Digital badging presents an innovative approach to recognizing and assessing leadership competencies, providing students with verifiable credentials that demonstrate their readiness for professional roles. The Agriculture Workforce Training for Collaborative Leadership (AWT4CL) project has designed a digital badging system to enhance students’ employability skills in alignment with the competencies identified by the Association of Public and Land-grant Universities (APLU). These badges focus on key areas such as communication, decision-making, professionalism, and leadership. The AWT4CL badge structure integrates interactive learning activities with reflective assessments, equipping students with durable skills essential for career success. This poster will highlight the digital badge framework, share insights from pilot implementations with community college faculty, and discuss strategies for increasing industry recognition of these credentials. By engaging educators, administrators, and industry partners, this initiative aims to bridge the skills gap and support workforce readiness in agricultural careers.
Collaborative Leadership for Poverty Reduction: How Does It Work?
Poudel, Sonika; Kaufman, Eric K. (2025-07-15)
Despite national efforts to address poverty, it remains a significant challenge in the United States. This study focuses on leadership strategies employed by civic organizations in a state in the southeastern United States to address poverty. Using a qualitative approach, the research explores how leadership influences poverty reduction. It studies the systemic barriers, organizational dynamics, and leadership approaches that can be most effective in addressing poverty within a state in the southeastern United States. Interviews with 14 representatives from various civic organizations reveal three key themes: poverty as a systemic challenge, participatory leadership, and humble leadership as a way forward. Findings suggest that effective poverty reduction requires collaborative efforts, active listening, selflessness, empathy, and community-driven leadership. These insights contribute to understanding how leadership can be leveraged to address complex social issues of poverty and provide a framework for applying these strategies in similar contexts.
Diagnostic yield of utilizing 24-72-hour video electroencephalographic monitoring in the diagnosis of seizures presenting as paroxysmal events in resource-limited settings
Nwogu, Chukwudi; Nwaze, Chukwuma; Avah, Adaeze; Anyanwu, Benjamin; Anyanwu, Chinekwu (Wiley, 2025-04)
OBJECTIVE: Long-term video electroencephalogram monitoring (LTVEM) is a standard practice in epilepsy centers to diagnose and characterize paroxysmal events. With the lack of data on LTVEM in Africa, we aimed to determine the clinical yield of LTVEM performed for 24-72 h to diagnose seizures in an epilepsy center in Nigeria. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of all patients admitted to our Epilepsy Monitoring Unit (EMU) from September 2018 to September 2021, with monitoring lasting between 24 and 72 h. We reviewed the patients' seizure semiology, time to the first event, and final diagnosis. The frequency of seizures was classified as "daily" in patients with one or more seizures per day, "persistent" in patients with less than one seizure per day but at least once in 6 months, and "rare" in patients with less than one seizure in 6 months. Patients with unclear duration due to recent onset were classified as "undefined". RESULTS: Seventy patients (34 males, 36 females) were included in our study. The mean age was 22.86 ± 18.00 years. The average duration of monitoring was 44.23 ± 16.16 h. Fifty-seven patients (81.4%) were confirmed to have seizures. Thirteen patients experienced non-epileptic events. Of these 13 patients, nine were diagnosed with psychogenic non-epileptic spells (PNES). Two patients were diagnosed with essential myoclonus and two patients were diagnosed with syncope. The time to the first interictal epileptiform discharge was within 8 h. In the first 24 h, 56 of 57 patients had ictal and interictal discharge (98.2%). These included 100% daily seizures, 100% persistent seizures, and 100% undefined events. One rare seizure was observed within 48 h. SIGNIFICANCE: The diagnostic yield of the LTVEM in well-selected patients for seizures in this study is 81.4%. Most patients received a diagnosis within 48 h of monitoring, and we found that extending the study beyond 72 h may not offer significant additional benefits in diagnosing seizures in patients presenting with paroxysmal events. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: There is limited information about the usefulness of long-term video electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring in diagnosing seizures in Africa. Several conditions that resemble seizures (paroxysmal events) could be misdiagnosed, leading to inappropriate treatment. This study evaluated the effectiveness of 24- to 72-h video EEG monitoring in diagnosing seizures at an epilepsy center in Nigeria. Among 70 patients, 81.4% were diagnosed with seizures, with most diagnoses made within 48 h. The findings suggest that video EEG performed within 48 h can significantly help distinguish seizures from other paroxysmal events, thereby contributing to better management and outcomes.
Unilateral Single Joint Arthritis Changes Joint Power in Unaffected Joints
Campbell, James; Schmitt, Daniel; Sands, Laura P.; Queen, Robin M. (Wiley, 2025-07)
Pain and disability associated with arthritis of the hip, knee, or ankle is well-documented. However, data on joint power and how arthritis in one joint affects power in that joint and in unaffected joints are limited. This study asks if arthritis in any one joint leads to (1) loss of power in that affected joint compared to the contralateral, unaffected joint; (2) loss of total power in the affected limb as compared to the contralateral, unaffected limb; and (3) increased power production in the joints of the ipsilateral limb. Ground reaction forces and joint angles during self-selected speed walking were collected from participants with symptomatic, unilateral ankle (N = 183), hip (N = 63), and knee arthritis (N = 20). Bilateral joint power from the hip, knee, and ankle joints as well as total limb power was calculated for the last third of the stance phase. Arthritis in the hip (p < 0.001), knee (p = 0.008), or ankle (p < 0.001) lead to a loss of power at the affected joint and in the affected limb, though the knee on the affected side does offset some of that loss in participants with hip and ankle arthritis (p < 0.001). The contralateral, unaffected limb (p < 0.001), especially the ankle, produces greater power. Clinical Significance: Isolated lower limb joint arthritis leads to a loss of power on the affected side and compensation by contralateral, unaffected joints. Those joints may be subsequently impacted through repetitive loading and could lead to further degeneration without intervention.
Zambian Teachers’ Perceptions About Schools’ Preparedness to Integrate Entrepreneurship Education Into the 2023 Curriculum
Mukuni, Joseph Siloka; Libingi, Petros Kaluwe; Samanenga, Marvin Anthony (Allied Business Academies, 2025-07-09)
In 2023, the Government of the Republic of Zambia (GRZ) revised its curriculum framework to, among other things, promote entrepreneurship education by integrating it into other subjects at primary and secondary levels. This study sought to determine Zambian teachers’ perceptions about the preparedness of schools to implement the integration of entrepreneurship education as stipulated in Zambia’s new curriculum of 2023. The following questions drove the study: a) How familiar are teachers with the concept of entrepreneurship education? b) To what extent are schools prepared for the integration of entrepreneurship education into the curriculum? c) What suggestions do teachers have for effective integration of entrepreneurship into the curriculum? The study was based on a mixed-method design using electronic questionnaires, focus groups, and lesson observations. The population sample was 115 teachers of various teaching subjects, with a wide range of years of teaching experience. The data collected were from both male and female teachers. The findings of this study seem to suggest that schools and teachers were not quite ready because of issues relating to teaching- learning materials, facilities, teachers’ content knowledge in Entrepreneurship, pedagogical knowledge, and the entrepreneurship ecosystem in Zambia. Despite these challenges, teachers welcomed the new emphasis placed on entrepreneurship education and it was in that spirit that they made the suggestions presented in this paper.

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