All Faculty Deposits

Permanent URI for this collection

https://hdl.handle.net/10919/70873

The "All Faculty Deposits" collection contains works deposited by faculty and appointed delegates from the Elements (EFARs) system. For help with Elements, see Frequently Asked Questions on the Provost's website. In general, items can only be deposited if the item is a scholarly article that is covered by Virginia Tech's open access policy, or the item is openly licensed or in the public domain, or the item is permitted to be posted online under the journal/publisher policy, or the depositor owns the copyright. See Right to Deposit on the VTechWorks Help page. If you have questions email us at vtechworks@vt.edu.

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 6673

Introducing and validating DramaZoom as a teaching tool for diverse student populations
Carvalho, Helena; Halpin, Patricia A.; Scholz-Morris, Elke; de Carvalho, Rosa; Contaifer, Daniel Jr. (American Physiological Society, 2025-06-18)
Dramatization, a teaching method where each student acts out or mimics a cell or body parts while the entire group represents the physiological process was adapted to produce original teaching videos paired with a pretest that activates memory and a posttest to prevent misconceptions. Three physiology instructors collaborated on Zoom to create six DramaZoom videos (Dramatization via Zoom) focused on hormone signaling with negative feedback in different contexts. In these videos, each instructor personalizes a different part of an organ system or a physiological process, which allows the visualization of complex concepts in endocrinology. DramaZoom videos utilize theater, personification, and humor to represent physiological processes in a fun and creative way that facilitates students to learn and remember the content. Our goal was to introduce DramaZoom videos as an original teaching tool and present evidence of its efficacy on student learning. We analyzed the impact of DramaZoom videos on students’ knowledge acquisition at three distinct levels (1st year medical students, 3rd and 4th year undergraduate science students, and 1st year undergraduate nursing students) and investigated whether the mode of delivery of the videos (face to face during regular classroom teaching or asynchronous in a virtual classroom) affected student learning. Our data show that knowledge in all three student groups improved significantly after viewing DramaZoom videos independently of the mode of delivery. Our data indicate that DramaZoom videos combined with memory activation due to the pretest are an effective tool to instruct this cohort of students regardless of level and delivery mode.
Secondary school students’ perceptions of entrepreneurship education and career options in Zambia
Mukuni, Joseph; Libingi, Kaluwe Petros; Samanenga, Anthony Marvin (Academic Journals, 2025-05-22)
The central question of the study was “What are Zambian secondary school students’ perceptions of entrepreneurship and career options?” Quantitative data were collected using a Google form to collect students’ career options from 113 secondary school respondents and focus group discussions involving 40 students were used to determine in-depth students’ perceptions concerning the concept of entrepreneurship and students’ likelihood of considering entrepreneurship as a career option. In addition to stating their career preferences, students made some suggestions regarding how future curriculum reforms could make schooling more effective in preparing students for their future as formal sector employees or as self-employed entrepreneurs.
Semi-volatile oxygenated organics and ammonium chloride increasing sub-micron aerosol hygroscopicity, cloud condensation nuclei and PM₁ mass in the Delhi region
Lalchandani, V.; Tripathi, S. N.; Srivastava, D.; Mishra, G.; Thamban, N. M.; Mishra, S.; Tripathi, N.; Wang, L.; Prévôt, A. S. H.; Bhowmik, H. S.; Dixit, Kuldeep; Sahu, L. K.; Gunthe, S. S. (Elsevier, 2025-10-01)
Delhi-National Capital Region (Delhi-NCR) suffers from adverse air quality particularly during the winter season, thereby affecting climate, health, and economic activities, warranting the need for information on key species, sources and atmospheric pathways causing intense particulate pollution. Using over one month (February–March) of sub-micron particle (PM1) chemical composition data and κ-Köhler theory at a Delhi background site, we estimate that the water uptake ability of both PM1 (kappa, κ = 0.52 ± 0.10) and its organic component (κOA = 0.22 ± 0.04) during the late winter season are almost twice as that of global average for continental aerosols. Our results indicate that apart from previously identified ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), the semi-volatile oxygenated organic aerosols (SVOOA) directly increase the PM1 water uptake ability, and undergo co-condensation with water vapor under high RH and low temperature conditions during early morning hours, thereby increasing the cloud condensation nuclei counts (CCN vs SVOOA, linear correlation R = 0.81) and total PM1 mass (CCN vs PM1, R = 0.88) in the Delhi region. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) results of both gas and particle phase organics suggest that semi-volatile oxygenated organic compounds were mainly associated with solid-fuel and traffic-related combustion emissions, whereas correlation with source-specific tracers suggest non-combustion emissions for NH4Cl. Results suggest that semi-volatile oxygenated organic compounds produced from the photochemical oxidation of organics emitted from combustion activities likely undergo gas-to-particle partitioning in the evening and aqueous phase processing at night, leading to enhanced SOA formation, CCN and PM1 mass.
Integrating sacrificial listening and children's literature
Allen, Amy E.; Engelhardt, Mason (2025-06-15)
Sacrificial listening is the practice of listening attentively to unfamiliar voices and adjusting one’s own interpretations to adapt to what a speaker (or, in some cases, a text) is saying. This ongoing act promotes “listening for understanding” rather than focusing on “listening to respond.” Sacrificial listening can be used to frame instruction through its application as an underlying framework. When implemented as part of social studies instruction strategies, including read-alouds and group discussions, sacrificial listening can assist students in developing positive relationships with peers, promote a high level of understanding of other perspectives, and reduce bias in active listening. One key way this can be achieved is by applying its ideas and tenets to the selection and reading of children’s literature books. In this article, we provide examples where the framework of SL might be paired with specific children’s literature books to help students build empathy, reconsider the interconnectedness of people and the world, and think critically. We also provide questions that can be used to guide discussions about literature situated in a sacrificial listening frame.
Survival of the fittest: Standardization by professional short-term rental hosts under severe uncertainty
Zhang, Huihui; Bianco, Simone; Zach, Florian J.; Xiang, Zheng (Elsevier, 2025-12)
Severe uncertainty, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, forces organizations to adapt quickly to survive in the marketplace. This study examines how professional short-term rental hosts enhance unit resilience under market disruptions through standardization, and how this effect is moderated by business size. A survival analysis is conducted using 155,132 observations of Airbnb units operated by professional hosts in Hong Kong between April 2018 and March 2023. Results reveal positive effects of standardization, and the benefits are more pronounced for larger businesses. The findings further identify that the positive effects of standardization become stronger and less reliant on business size during COVID. In contrast, under market growth, the alignment between standardization and business size is more important, where functional standardization benefits larger businesses but may harm smaller ones. This research enriches tourism literature by emphasizing the strategic lens of professionalization. The findings also provide insights for practitioners, platform managers, and policymakers.
Applied Science as a Political Construction: Contested Meanings at NSF
Abbate, Janet E. (2017-11-09)
Applied science is a ubiquitous term in fields ranging from history of science to innovation studies to science policy, yet its meaning remains elusive. While some historians suggest that its definition was stabilized in the early 20th century as part of the “linear model” of science, examples from the history of the US National Science Foundation show its meaning continued to be contested through the latter half of the 20th century. I argue that the term’s fluidity stems from its inherently political nature: the meaning of applied science changes to fit contemporary agendas. This essay identifies five criteria that have provided historical actors with a flexible set of discursive resources for constructing policy-relevant definitions of pure and applied science. This set of criteria provides historians with a way to systematically compare changing and competing definitions, and it exposes logical inconsistencies that point to applied science as a persuasive, rather than simply descriptive, term. I provide two case studies that illustrate how this works in practice: in the late 1960s NSF redefined applied science as “science that solves social problems,” while in the 1980s it promoted a meaning of “basic science that enhances economic competitiveness.” These redefinitions responded to contemporary political concerns, but far from being merely rhetorical, they shaped specific NSF programs and the types of science that were supported.
Preserving Content from Virginia Tech's Original Digital Collections Database
Munshower, Alan (2025-06-16)
This presentation provides an overview of the process of migrating content from the digital collections platform 'Imagebase'. Far from a traditional migration process, careful scrutiny was given to the metadata, scan quality, provenance, and organization of the over 100,000 items. Each collection required a unique mapping of its metadata, and thousands of new scans were made in the Digital Imaging Lab. Some collections were also expanded with the selection and scanning of additional physical objects.
New Evidence on Storage Practices: Results from the 2023 NDSA Storage Survey
Munshower, Alan; Prud'homme, Max; Allen, Amy; Garfunkel, Amanda; May, Kari (2024-07-17)
The National Digital Stewardship Alliance (NDSA) recently conducted a survey to gather new data on trends, technologies, standards, and practices that impact digital preservation storage at different types of organizations around the world. Distributed through 18 different national and international listservs, the NDSA Working Group received 138 completed responses to the 51-question survey between October and November 2023. The 2023 survey builds on the results of the three surveys carried out in 2011, 2013, and 2019 on storage infrastructure, and offers a longitudinal view of how practices have changed. The survey gathers any information organizations use to establish and manage a preservation storage infrastructure (including systems and service providers) to meet their mission. Additionally, the survey captures insights on planning and organizational commitment. The newest feature of the survey is a section to address environmental awareness, as organizations seek to optimize digital preservation actions. This data can be used as a tool for organizations to advocate for resources, provide direction for future practices, inform work on tools, and provide an opportunity for collaboration on common challenges. This presentation will provide a brief look at how the report is developed using responses from international universities, institutes, government agencies, and others followed by some preliminary findings on how they manage digital preservation storage. The survey report will be published on the NDSA site later in 2024.
Virtual Micro-Internships as an Introduction to Digital Collections
Munshower, Alan (2024-08-15)
This session explores the challenges and opportunities associated with hosting remote and hybrid interns. It addresses how archival institutions can provide equitable learning experiences while meeting students where they are, ensuring their engagement, professional-growth, and well-being. Panelists from four institutions will discuss best practices, successful case studies, and how this first exposure to archival work can impact the development of future leaders.
Leveraging Expertise for Digital Scholarship Support
Guimont, Corinne; Munshower, Alan; Kinnaman, Alex (2023-11-14)
Virginia Tech University Libraries maintains over a dozen digital scholarship projects brought in through different library departments, indicating a need to better support these projects through the creation of the Digital Scholarship Technical Review Committee. Panelists will discuss roles and how past experiences with digital scholarship shape documentation and workflows.
An Exercise in Preservation (The Virginia Tech Time Capsule Project)
Munshower, Alan (2023-10-21)
Time capsules, while a ritual in the preservation of community memory, are often at odds with archival practices of preservation. With a representative selection of historical artifacts and the safeguarding of contents being central to all time capsule projects, archivists are commonly asked to participate in their creation and unearthing. This panel session will delve into case studies that reflect the process of selecting and preserving items, the importance of community engagement, and the ethical considerations involved. We will discuss the potential of time capsules to serve as tools for education and outreach, and re-appraise our recognized roles and responsibilities as archivists within a community.
Lest We Forget: Exploring the Life and Legacy of Maceo Pinkard
Munshower, Alan (2023-03-23)
Bingeable Archives: Licensing Content for TV and Film
Munshower, Alan (2022-10-10)
From Repository to Silver Screen: Building a Moving Image Licensing Practice
Munshower, Alan (2022-07-26)
Binding Free Energy Analysis of Galectin-3 Natural Ligands and Synthetic Inhibitors
Newman, Luke; Welborn, Valerie (Wiley, 2025-06)
Galectin-3–ligand complexes are characterized by halogen, σ-hole bonds, hydrogen bonds, cation-π and CH-π interactions. Here, we model these non-covalent interactions with the AMOEBA polarizable force field and conduct an absolute binding free energy analysis on leading galectin-3 inhibitors. Synthetic drug molecules GB0139, GB1107, and GB1211 were estimated to have binding free energies of −4.3, −6.7, and −9.5 kcal/mol respectively. This compares to −0.3 and 1.4 kcal/mol for the natural ligands, N-acetyllactosamine type 1 and type 2, respectively. We calculated the electric fields projected along key bonds in each ligand to further rationalize these results. We find that while the hydroxyl groups of the natural ligands interact reasonably well with residues in galectin-3's binding pocket, structural dynamics weaken the binding pose and favor interactions with water, sometimes yielding to dissociation. In contrast, the more favorable binding energy of GB1211, leading inhibitor in clinical studies, is associated with strong and constant electric fields across the bonds investigated, suggesting a stiffer binding pose with a stabilizing σ-hole interaction.
Mitigating product inhibition in 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinase (DszB) with synthetic glycosylation
Liang, Junbao; Zheng, Yi; Welborn, Valerie (Wiley, 2025-07)
The combustion of sulfur-rich crude oil is toxic to the environment, making the removal of sulfur impurities a priority for the sustainable use of liquid fuels. Biodesulfurization via the 4S pathway is a promising approach due to its C-S bond cleavage specificity and mild operating conditions. However, biodesulfurization is not economically viable due to the slow turnover of 2′-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate desulfinase (DszB), an enzyme catalyzing the conversion of 2′-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate to 2-hydroxybiphenyl and sulfite. Previous studies have identified product inhibition as the limiting factor in DszB, whereby solvent-exposed protein loops obstruct the active site after substrate binding. This closed conformation is stabilized by hydrophobic interactions between the loops and the product. Here, we propose an artificial glycosylation strategy to mitigate product inhibition in DszB. We modeled glycated DszB in the apo, ligand-bound, and product-bound states with molecular dynamics based on the AMOEBA polarizable force field, and analyzed the chemical positioning of the reactant and product compared to the wild type (WT). We find that the addition of glucose on three Ser loop residues increases the interaction of the loops with water, overcoming the weaker product–loop interactions, and thereby enabling product release. Importantly, the enhanced flexibility of the loops was subtle enough to not heavily disrupt the chemical positioning of the reactant, which suggests that the rate acceleration would be similar to that of the WT.
Soybean Lectin Cross-Links Membranes by Binding Sulfatide in a Curvature-Dependent Manner
Okedigba, Ayoyinka O.; Ng, Emery L.; Deegbey, Mawuli; Rosso, M. Luciana; Ngo, William; Xiao, Ruoshi; Huang, Haibo; Zhang, Bo; Welborn, Valerie; Capelluto, Daniel G. S. (American Chemical Society, 2025-05-24)
Soybean (Glycine max) is a key source of plant-based protein, yet its nutritional value is impacted by antinutritional factors, including lectins. Whereas soybean lectin is known to bind N-acetyl-d-galactosamine (GalNAc), its lipid interactions remain unexplored. Using a novel purification method, we isolated lectin from soybean meals and characterized its interactions with GalNAc and the glycosphingolipid sulfatide. Isothermal titration calorimetry revealed micromolar affinity for GalNAc, whereas most GalNAc derivatives displayed weak or no binding. Lectin exhibited high-affinity binding to sulfatide in a membrane curvature-dependent manner. Binding of lectin to sulfatide promoted cross-linking of sulfatide-containing vesicles. Whereas sulfatide interaction was independent of GalNAc binding, suggesting distinct binding sites, vesicle cross-linking was inhibited by the sugar. Molecular dynamics simulations identified a consensus sulfatide-binding site in lectin. These findings highlight the dual ligand-binding properties of soybean lectin and may provide strategies to mitigate its antinutritional effects and improve soybean meal processing.
A Visual Literature Review on Continuous Intention to Use Online Learning Systems
AlMarzouq, Mohammad; Rouibah, Kamel; Brown, Nicholas James; Lowry, Paul Benjamin (2025-07-02)
This study examines factors influencing continuous intention to use (CITU) e-learning systems in universities and professional organizations through a systematic literature review (SLR) of studies from 2004 to 2022. Using a novel graphical synthesis method, we reconstruct the nomological network to map key constructs, revealing a predominant focus on utilitarian motivations like satisfaction and perceived usefulness. Key gaps include limited research on CITU outcomes, system characteristics, and intrinsic motivations. Most studies assume voluntary use, despite non-voluntary contexts in education and training. Additionally, longitudinal and mixed-methods studies remain scarce, with geographic coverage heavily skewed toward Asia. Our contributions include a novel graphical synthesis for visualizing research gaps and actionable recommendations for advancing CITU research in e-learning.
Enhancing team creativity among information technology professionals through knowledge sharing and motivational rewards: A self-determination perspective
Cui, Xiling; Yang, Xuan; Ren, Jifan; Lowry, Paul Benjamin; Du, Timon Chih-ting (Elsevier, 2025-06-01)
This study aims to investigate how to leverage knowledge sharing (KS) to boost team creativity among information technology (IT) professionals. We examine the effects of intrinsic and intangible extrinsic rewards on in-role and extra-role KS, which increases team creativity. We use data collected from 322 employees in 80 teams from organizations in the IT industry to test the research model and confirm the important roles of KS and motivational rewards. The two types of KS show different patterns in terms of their antecedents and outcomes. Specifically, in-role KS does not affect team creativity directly, while extra-role KS does. Intrinsic rewards significantly affect both in-role and extra-role KS, and the effect on the latter is greater. Image rewards have a greater effect on in-role KS than on extra-role KS. In addition, the two forms of intangible extrinsic rewards exhibit internalization. The study pioneers in addressing a pressing research gap by investigating and comparing the effects of the two types of KS—in-role and extra-role KS—on team creativity.
Team Science: Fostering Collaboration Among Difference
Kaufman, Eric K. (2025-06-30)
Presentation for faculty collaboration workshop with the Tulane National Primate Research Center (TNPRC). Invited by Dr. Woong-Ki Kim, Associate Director for Research at TNPRC.

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