Frequency of sprout-origin trees in pre-European settlement forests of the southern Appalachian Mountains

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dc.contributor.authorCopenheaver, Carolyn A.en
dc.contributor.authorKeyser, Tara L.en
dc.contributor.departmentForest Resources and Environmental Conservationen
dc.date.accessioned2020-04-21T14:50:29Zen
dc.date.available2020-04-21T14:50:29Zen
dc.date.issued2016-08en
dc.description.abstractWe hypothesized that tree form, recorded in historical public land surveys, would provide a valuable proxy record of regeneration patterns during early-European settlement of North America's eastern deciduous forest. To test this hypothesis, we tallied stem form from witness trees used in land survey records in the southern Appalachian Mountains from 13 counties spanning four physiographic provinces: Piedmont, Blue Ridge, Ridge and Valley, and Cumberland Plateau. A total of 3% of witness trees used in the land surveys were of sprout origin. American basswood (Tilia americana L.) exhibited the highest proportion of sprout-origin trees at 12%. Other overstory species with a high proportion of sprout-origin trees were hickory (Carya sp.), red maple (Acer rubrum L.), and sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.), all with 6% of stems being from sprout origin. Blue Ridge had significantly more sprout-origin trees compared with the other three physiographic provinces. Forests in the southern Appalachian Mountains during the pre-European settlement period had a suite of disturbances that controlled their growth and regeneration; however, most of these disturbances did not result in large-scale tree mortality, and therefore, sprouts were not an important source of regeneration.en
dc.description.adminPublic domain – authored by a U.S. government employeeen
dc.description.notesThe authors acknowledge K. Hollandsworth who traveled with the authors to several courthouses and assisted with hand transcription of the early land survey records in courthouses that prohibited electronic equipment. Thanks also to K. Frick for assistance with creating the study area map. Partial funding for this project was provided by a McIntire-Stennis Capacity Grant awarded to C. Copenheaver.en
dc.description.sponsorshipMcIntire-Stennis Capacity Granten
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2016-0078en
dc.identifier.eissn1208-6037en
dc.identifier.issn0045-5067en
dc.identifier.issue8en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/97852en
dc.identifier.volume46en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsCreative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedicationen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/en
dc.subjectforest disturbanceen
dc.subjectoak regenerationen
dc.subjecteastern deciduous foresten
dc.subjectforest structureen
dc.titleFrequency of sprout-origin trees in pre-European settlement forests of the southern Appalachian Mountainsen
dc.title.serialCanadian Journal of Forest Researchen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.dcmitypeStillImageen

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