Characterization of Ultra Wideband Communication Channels

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dc.contributor.authorMuqaibel, Ali Husseinen
dc.contributor.committeecochairRiad, Sedki Mohameden
dc.contributor.committeecochairSafaai-Jazi, Ahmaden
dc.contributor.committeecochairWoerner, Brian D.en
dc.contributor.committeememberNahman, Norris S.en
dc.contributor.committeememberBesieris, Ioannis M.en
dc.contributor.committeememberKohler, Werner E.en
dc.contributor.committeememberTranter, William H.en
dc.contributor.departmentElectrical and Computer Engineeringen
dc.date.accessioned2014-03-14T20:08:06Zen
dc.date.adate2003-03-14en
dc.date.available2014-03-14T20:08:06Zen
dc.date.issued2003-03-05en
dc.date.rdate2004-03-14en
dc.date.sdate2003-03-09en
dc.description.abstractUltra-wideband (UWB) communication has been the subject of extensive research in recent years due to its unique capabilities and potential applications, particularly in short-range multiple access wireless communications. However, many important aspects of UWB-based communication systems have not yet been thoroughly investigated. The propagation of UWB signals in indoor environments is the single most important issue with significant impacts on the future direction, scope, and generally the extent of the success of UWB technology. The objective of this dissertation is to obtain a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the potentials of UWB technology by characterizing the UWB communication channels. Channel characterization refers to extracting the channel parameters from measured data. The extracted parameters are used to quantify the effect of the channel on communication UWB systems using this channel as signal transmission medium. Data are measured in different ways using a variety of time-domain and frequency-domain techniques. The experimental setups used in channel characterization effort also include pulse generators and antennas as integral parts of the channel, since the pulse shape and antenna characteristics have significant impact on channel parameters. At a fundamental level, the propagation of UWB signals, as any electromagnetic wave, is governed, among other things, by the properties of materials in the propagation medium. One of the objectives of this research is to examine propagation through walls made of typical building materials and thereby acquire ultra-wideband characterization of these materials. The loss and the dielectric constant of each material are measured over a frequency range of 1 to 15 GHz. Ten commonly used building materials are chosen for this investigation. These include, dry wall, wallboard, structure wood, glass sheet, bricks, concrete blocks, reinforced concrete (as pillar), cloth office partition, wooden door, and styrofoam slab. The work on ultra-wideband characterization of building materials resulted in an additional interesting contribution. A new formulation for evaluating the complex dielectric constant of low-loss materials, which involves solving real equations and thus requiring only one-dimensional root searching techniques, was found. The results derived from the exact complex equation and from the new formulation are in excellent agreement. Following the characterization of building materials, an indoor UWB measurement campaign is undertaken. Typical indoor scenarios, including line-of-sight (LOS), non-line-of-sight (NLOS), room-to-room, within-the-room, and hallways, are considered. Results for indoor propagation measurements are presented for local power delay profiles (local-PDP) and small-scale averaged power delay profiles (SSA-PDP). Site-specific trends and general observations are discussed. The results for pathloss exponent and time dispersion parameters are presented. The analyses results indicate the immunity of UWB signals to multipath fading. The results also clearly show that UWB signals, unlike narrowband signals, do not suffer from small scale fading, unless the receiver is too close to walls. Multipath components are further studies by employing a deconvolution technique. The application of deconvolution results in resolving multipath components with waveforms different from those of the sounding pulse. Resolving more components can improve the design of the rake receiver. The final part of this research elaborates on the nature of multiple access interference and illustrates the application of multi-user detection to improve the performance of impulse radio systems. Measured dispersion parameters and their effects on the multiple access parameters are discussed.en
dc.description.degreePh. D.en
dc.identifier.otheretd-03092003-095217en
dc.identifier.sourceurlhttp://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03092003-095217/en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/26398en
dc.publisherVirginia Techen
dc.relation.haspartChsUWBCommChannelsMuqaibel.pdfen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectImpulse Radioen
dc.subjectWireless Propagationen
dc.subjectUltra Widebanden
dc.subjectTime Domain Measurementsen
dc.subjectChannel Characterizationen
dc.subjectPulse Communication.en
dc.titleCharacterization of Ultra Wideband Communication Channelsen
dc.typeDissertationen
thesis.degree.disciplineElectrical and Computer Engineeringen
thesis.degree.grantorVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Universityen
thesis.degree.leveldoctoralen
thesis.degree.namePh. D.en

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