Bioelectricity inhibits back diffusion from the anolyte into the desalinated stream in microbial desalination cells

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dc.contributor.authorPing, Qingyunen
dc.contributor.authorPorat, Odeden
dc.contributor.authorDosoretz, Carlos G.en
dc.contributor.authorHe, Zhenen
dc.contributor.departmentCivil and Environmental Engineeringen
dc.date.accessioned2016-11-29T16:08:46Zen
dc.date.available2016-11-29T16:08:46Zen
dc.date.issued2016-01-01en
dc.description.abstractMicrobial desalination cells (MDCs) taking advantage of energy in wastewater to drive desalination represent a promising approach for energy-efficient desalination, but concerns arise whether contaminants in wastewater could enter the desalinated stream across ion exchange membranes. Such back diffusion of contaminants from the anolyte into the desalinated stream could be controlled by two mechanisms, Donnan effect and molecule transport. This study attempted to understand those mechanisms for inorganic and organic compounds in MDCs through two independently conducted experiments. Donnan effect was found to be the dominant mechanism under the condition without current generation. Under open circuit condition, the MDC fed with 5 g L<sup>-1</sup> salt solution exhibited 1.9 ± 0.7%, 10.3 ± 1.3%, and 1.8 ± 1.2% back diffusion of acetic, phosphate, and sulfate ions, respectively. Current generation effectively suppressed Donnan effect from 68.2% to 7.2%, and then molecule transport became more responsible for back diffusion. A higher initial salt concentration (35 g L<sup>-1</sup>) and a shorter HRT (1.0 d) led to the highest concentration gradient, resulting in the most back diffusion of 7.1 ± 1.2% and 6.8 ± 3.1% of phosphate and sulfate ions, respectively. Three representative organic compounds were selected for test, and it was found that organic back diffusion was intensified with a higher salt concentration gradient and molecular weight played an important role in compound movement. Principal component analysis confirmed the negative correlation between Donnan effect and current, and the positive correlation between molecule transport and concentration gradient related conditions.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.extent266 - 273 (8) page(s)en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.10.018en
dc.identifier.issn0043-1354en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/73529en
dc.identifier.volume88en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherPergamon-Elsevieren
dc.relation.urihttp://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000367276500026&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1en
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.subjectTechnologyen
dc.subjectEngineering, Environmentalen
dc.subjectEnvironmental Sciencesen
dc.subjectWater Resourcesen
dc.subjectEngineeringen
dc.subjectEnvironmental Sciences & Ecologyen
dc.subjectMicrobial desalination cellsen
dc.subjectBack diffusionen
dc.subjectWastewater treatmenten
dc.subjectDonnan effecten
dc.subjectMolecular transporten
dc.subjectWASTE-WATER TREATMENTen
dc.subjectELECTRICITY-GENERATIONen
dc.subjectSEAWATER DESALINATIONen
dc.subjectPERFORMANCEen
dc.titleBioelectricity inhibits back diffusion from the anolyte into the desalinated stream in microbial desalination cellsen
dc.title.serialWater Researchen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Engineeringen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Engineering/Civil & Environmental Engineeringen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Engineering/COE T&R Facultyen

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