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Ectosymbionts alter spontaneous responses to the Earth’s magnetic field in a crustacean

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dc.contributor.authorLandler, Lukasen
dc.contributor.authorSkelton, Jamesen
dc.contributor.authorPainter, Michael Scotten
dc.contributor.authorYoumans, Paul W.en
dc.contributor.authorMuheim, Rachelen
dc.contributor.authorCreed, Robert P.en
dc.contributor.authorBrown, Bryan L.en
dc.contributor.authorPhillips, John B.en
dc.contributor.departmentBiological Sciencesen
dc.date.accessioned2019-03-29T13:05:28Zen
dc.date.available2019-03-29T13:05:28Zen
dc.date.issued2019-02-28en
dc.description.abstractMagnetic sensing is used to structure every-day, non-migratory behaviours in many animals. We show that crayfish exhibit robust spontaneous magnetic alignment responses. These magnetic behaviours are altered by interactions with Branchiobdellidan worms, which are obligate ectosymbionts. Branchiobdellidan worms have previously been shown to have positive effects on host growth when present at moderate densities, and negative effects at relatively high densities. Here we show that crayfish with moderate densities of symbionts aligned bimodally along the magnetic northeast-southwest axis, similar to passive magnetic alignment responses observed across a range of stationary vertebrates. In contrast, crayfish with high symbiont densities failed to exhibit consistent alignment relative to the magnetic field. Crayfish without symbionts shifted exhibited quadramodal magnetic alignment and were more active. These behavioural changes suggest a change in the organization of spatial behaviour with increasing ectosymbiont densities. We propose that the increased activity and a switch to quadramodal magnetic alignment may be associated with the use of systematic search strategies. Such a strategy could increase contact-rates with conspecifics in order to replenish the beneficial ectosymbionts that only disperse between hosts during direct contact. Our results demonstrate that crayfish perceive and respond to magnetic fields, and that symbionts influence magnetically structured spatial behaviour of their hosts. © 2019, The Author(s).en
dc.description.notesWe thank Skylar Hopkins for comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation (DEB-0949780 and IOS 07-48175), Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology (Grant in Aid of Research), Organismal Biology and Ecology Interdisciplinary Grants and GSA - Virginia Tech (Graduate Research and Development Program). This publication was supported by grant “Advanced research supporting the forestry and wood-processing sector’s adaptation to global change and the 4th industrial revolution”, No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000803 financed by OP RDE.en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-38404-7en
dc.identifier.issn20452322en
dc.identifier.issue1en
dc.identifier.other3105en
dc.identifier.pmid30816116en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/88750en
dc.identifier.volume9en
dc.language.isoen_USen
dc.publisherNature Publishing Groupen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.titleEctosymbionts alter spontaneous responses to the Earth’s magnetic field in a crustaceanen
dc.title.serialScientific Reportsen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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