Intelligence Complements from the Built Environment: A Review of CPS-Enabled Smart Buildings for Cognitively Declined Occupants

dc.contributor.authorAlimoradi, Saeiden
dc.contributor.authorGao, Xinghuaen
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-07T19:41:08Zen
dc.date.available2023-02-07T19:41:08Zen
dc.date.issued2022-01-01en
dc.date.updated2023-02-07T17:47:19Zen
dc.description.abstractTraditionally, caregivers, whether formal or informal, have taken the responsibility of providing assistance and care to the patients with cognitive decline. However, both the caregivers and the patients are subjected to experience financial and emotional burdens, which has impacted the patients’ life quality and quality of the provided care. To overcome the situation, Ambient Assistive Living (AAL) technologies have been sought for to replace the caregivers and complement patients’ lack of intelligence. Technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have enabled intelligent ubiquitous learning for smart buildings to monitor the cognitively declined occupants and provide in-home assistive services and solutions. This review aims to evaluate and summarize the intelligence complements provided by smart buildings enabled with such capabilities to increase the cognitively declined occupants’ quality of life and autonomy. The review finds that most of the existing contributions are towards learning the occupants’ behavior to identify assistive services and solutions. The identified services are delivered through technological interventions or caregivers. Moreover, key research gaps are identified. The most important is the lack of adequate adoption of technological interventions to fully support the occupants’ autonomy and independence. Other identified gaps include challenges in usability and acceptability, ethical concerns, systems' comprehensiveness, and lacking human- in-the-loop. Lastly, a conceptual framework is proposed to address the gaps as the future research directions in the applications of smart buildings supporting cognitively declined occupants.en
dc.description.versionSubmitted versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4000359en
dc.identifier.eissn1556-5068en
dc.identifier.issn1556-5068en
dc.identifier.orcidGao, Xinghua [0000-0002-3531-8137]en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/113711en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rightsIn Copyrighten
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/en
dc.titleIntelligence Complements from the Built Environment: A Review of CPS-Enabled Smart Buildings for Cognitively Declined Occupantsen
dc.typeArticleen
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Engineeringen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Engineering/COE T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Engineering/Myers-Lawson School of Constructionen

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