A vanished history of skeletonization in Cambrian comb jellies

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dc.contributor.authorOu, Q.en
dc.contributor.authorXiao, S.en
dc.contributor.authorHan, J.en
dc.contributor.authorSun, G.en
dc.contributor.authorZhang, F.en
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Z.en
dc.contributor.authorShu, D.en
dc.contributor.departmentGeosciencesen
dc.coverage.spatialUnited Statesen
dc.date.accessioned2017-01-14T04:03:55Zen
dc.date.available2017-01-14T04:03:55Zen
dc.date.issued2015-07en
dc.description.abstractCtenophores are traditionally regarded as "lower" metazoans, sharing with cnidarians a diploblastic grade of organization. Unlike cnidarians, where skeletonization (biomineralization and sclerotization) evolved repeatedly among ecologically important taxa (for example, scleractinians and octocorals), living ctenophores are characteristically soft-bodied animals. We report six sclerotized and armored ctenophores from the early Cambrian period. They have diagnostic ctenophore features (for example, an octamerous symmetry, oral-aboral axis, aboral sense organ, and octaradially arranged ctene rows). Unlike most modern counterparts, however, they lack tentacles, have a sclerotized framework, and have eight pairs of ctene rows. They are resolved as a monophyletic group (Scleroctenophora new class) within the ctenophores. This clade reveals a cryptic history and sheds new light on the early evolution of this basal animal phylum. Skeletonization also occurs in some other Cambrian animal groups whose extant members are exclusively soft-bodied, suggesting the ecological importance of skeletonization in the Cambrian explosion.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.extente1500092 - ? page(s)en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500092en
dc.identifier.issue6en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/74308en
dc.identifier.volume1en
dc.languageengen
dc.relation.urihttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26601209en
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/en
dc.subjectCambrianen
dc.subjectChengjiang biotaen
dc.subjectCtenophoraen
dc.subjectskeletonen
dc.titleA vanished history of skeletonization in Cambrian comb jelliesen
dc.title.serialScientific Advancesen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Scienceen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Science/COS T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Science/Geosciencesen

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