Heavy Rainfall Impact on Agriculture: Crop Risk Assessment with Farmer Participation in the Paravanar Coastal River Basin
| dc.contributor.author | Muthiah, Krishnaveni | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Arunya, K. G. | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Sridhar, Venkataramana | en |
| dc.contributor.author | Patakamuri, Sandeep Kumar | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-03-13T17:26:25Z | en |
| dc.date.available | 2025-03-13T17:26:25Z | en |
| dc.date.issued | 2025-02-24 | en |
| dc.date.updated | 2025-03-12T13:51:52Z | en |
| dc.description.abstract | Heavy rainfall significantly impacts agriculture by damaging crops and causing substantial economic losses. The Paravanar River Basin, a coastal river basin in India, experiences heavy rainfall during the monsoon season. This study analyzed both ground-level rainfall measurements and farmers’ experiences to understand the effects of heavy rainfall on agriculture. Rainfall data from nine rain gauge locations were analyzed across three cropping seasons: Kharif 1 (June to August), Kharif 2 (September to November), and Rabi (December to May). To determine the frequency of heavy rainfall events, a detailed analysis was conducted based on the standards set by the India Meteorological Department (IMD). Villages near stations showing increasing rainfall trends and a higher frequency of heavy rainfall events were classified as vulnerable. The primary crops cultivated in these vulnerable areas were identified through a questionnaire survey with local farmers. A detailed analysis of these crops was conducted to determine the cropping season most affected by heavy rainfall events. The impacts of heavy rainfall on the primary crops were assessed using the Delphi technique, a score-based crop risk assessment method. These impacts were categorized into eight distinct types. Among them, yield reduction, waterlogging, crop damage, soil erosion, and crop failure emerged as the most significant challenges in the study area. Additional impacts included nutrient loss, disrupted microbial activity, and disease outbreaks. Based on this evaluation, risks were classified into five categories: low risk, moderate risk, high risk, very high risk, and extreme risk. This categorization offers a framework for understanding potential consequences and making informed decisions. To address these challenges, the study recommended mitigation measures such as crop management, soil management, and drainage management. Farmers were also encouraged to conduct a cause-and-effect analysis. This bottom-up approach raised awareness among farmers and provided practical solutions to reduce crop losses and mitigate the effects of heavy rainfall. | en |
| dc.description.version | Published version | en |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | en |
| dc.identifier.citation | Muthiah, K.; Arunya, K.G.; Sridhar, V.; Patakamuri, S.K. Heavy Rainfall Impact on Agriculture: Crop Risk Assessment with Farmer Participation in the Paravanar Coastal River Basin. Water 2025, 17, 658. | en |
| dc.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/w17050658 | en |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10919/124857 | en |
| dc.language.iso | en | en |
| dc.publisher | MDPI | en |
| dc.rights | Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International | en |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | en |
| dc.title | Heavy Rainfall Impact on Agriculture: Crop Risk Assessment with Farmer Participation in the Paravanar Coastal River Basin | en |
| dc.type | Article - Refereed | en |
| dc.type.dcmitype | Text | en |