An Updated Perspective on Sinorhizobium meliloti Chemotaxis to Alfalfa Flavonoids

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dc.contributor.authorCompton, K. Karlen
dc.contributor.authorHildreth, Sherry B.en
dc.contributor.authorHelm, Richard F.en
dc.contributor.authorScharf, Birgit E.en
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-04T14:56:11Zen
dc.date.available2021-10-04T14:56:11Zen
dc.date.issued2020-10-23en
dc.date.updated2021-10-04T14:56:07Zen
dc.description.abstractThe symbiotic interaction between leguminous plants and their cognate rhizobia allows for the fixation of gaseous dinitrogen into bioavailable ammonia. The perception of host-derived flavonoids is a key initial step for the signaling events that must occur preceding the formation of the nitrogen-fixing organ. Past work investigating chemotaxis – the directed movement of bacteria through chemical gradients – of Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Rhizobium leguminosarum, and Rhizobium meliloti discovered chemotaxis to various organic compounds, but focused on chemotaxis to flavonoids because of their relevance to the symbiosis biochemistry. The current work sought to replicate and further examine Sinorhizobium (Ensifer) meliloti chemotaxis to the flavonoids previously thought to act as the principal attractant molecules prior to the initial signaling stage. Exudate from germinating alfalfa seedlings was analyzed for composition and quantities of different flavonoid compounds using mass spectrometry. The abundance of four prevalent flavonoids in germinating alfalfa seed exudates (SEs) was at a ratio of 200:5:5:1 for hyperoside, luteolin, luteolin-7-glucoside, and chrysoeriol. Using quantitative chemotaxis capillary assays, we did not detect chemotaxis of motile S. meliloti cells to these, and two other flavonoids identified in seed exudates. In support of these findings, the flavonoid fraction of seed exudates was found to be an insignificant attractant relative to the more hydrophilic fraction. Additionally, we observed that cosolvents commonly used to dissolve flavonoids confound the results. We propose that the role flavonoids play in S. meliloti chemotaxis is insignificant relative to other components released by alfalfa seeds.en
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.extent12 page(s)en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifierARTN 581482 (Article number)en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.581482en
dc.identifier.eissn1664-302Xen
dc.identifier.issn1664-302Xen
dc.identifier.orcidHelm, Richard [0000-0001-5317-0925]en
dc.identifier.pmid33193213en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/105156en
dc.identifier.volume11en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherFrontiersen
dc.relation.urihttp://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000585927100001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1en
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectLife Sciences & Biomedicineen
dc.subjectMicrobiologyen
dc.subjectmotilityen
dc.subjectsymbiosisen
dc.subjectplant-host interactionen
dc.subjectrhizosphereen
dc.subjectsolid-phase extracten
dc.subjectGENE-INDUCING FLAVONOIDSen
dc.subjectRHIZOBIUM-MELILOTIen
dc.subjectBRADYRHIZOBIUM-JAPONICUMen
dc.subjectPLANT FLAVONEen
dc.subjectNOD GENESen
dc.subjectLEGUMEen
dc.subjectNODULATIONen
dc.subjectMOTILITYen
dc.subjectCHEMORECEPTORSen
dc.subjectANTIBACTERIALen
dc.subject0502 Environmental Science and Managementen
dc.subject0503 Soil Sciencesen
dc.subject0605 Microbiologyen
dc.titleAn Updated Perspective on Sinorhizobium meliloti Chemotaxis to Alfalfa Flavonoidsen
dc.title.serialFrontiers in Microbiologyen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten
dc.type.otherArticleen
dc.type.otherJournalen
dcterms.dateAccepted2020-09-30en
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Techen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/Biochemistryen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutes/Fralin Life Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Faculty of Health Sciencesen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/All T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/Agriculture & Life Sciences/CALS T&R Facultyen
pubs.organisational-group/Virginia Tech/University Research Institutes/Fralin Life Sciences/Durelle Scotten

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