Economic impact of nature-based tourism

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dc.contributor.authorGupta, Anubhaben
dc.contributor.authorZhu, Hengen
dc.contributor.authorBhammar, Hasitaen
dc.contributor.authorEarley, Elisabethen
dc.contributor.authorFilipski, Mateuszen
dc.contributor.authorNarain, Urvashien
dc.contributor.authorSpencer, Phoebeen
dc.contributor.authorWhitney, Edwarden
dc.contributor.authorTaylor, J. Edwarden
dc.date.accessioned2023-08-29T14:46:54Zen
dc.date.available2023-08-29T14:46:54Zen
dc.date.issued2023-04en
dc.description.abstractProtected areas (PAs) can help address biodiversity loss by promoting conservation while fostering economic development through sustainable tourism. Nature-based tourism can generate economic benefits for communities in and around PAs; however, its impacts do not lend themselves to conventional impact evaluation tools. We utilize a Monte Carlo simulation approach with econometric estimations using microdata to estimate the full economic impact of nature-based tourism on the economies surrounding three terrestrial and two marine PAs. Simulations suggest that nature-based tourism creates significant economic benefits for communities around PAs, including the poorest households, and many of these benefits are indirect, via income and production spillovers. An additional tourist increases annual real income in communities near the PAs by US$169-$2,400, significantly more than the average tourist's expenditure. Conversely, lost tourism due to the COVID-19 pandemic and economic costs of human-wildlife conflict have disproportionately large negative impacts on local incomes.en
dc.description.notesThis project was funded by the World Bank Group, Washington D.C. through the following trust funds: PROBLUE WAVES, PROFOR, and Global Wildlife Program funded by the Global Environment Facility. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.en
dc.description.sponsorshipWorld Bank Group, Washington D.C.; Global Environment Facilityen
dc.description.versionPublished versionen
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282912en
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203en
dc.identifier.issue4en
dc.identifier.pmid37043462en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/116157en
dc.identifier.volume18en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen
dc.rightsCC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedicationen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/en
dc.subjectmarine protected areasen
dc.subjectconservationen
dc.subjectperformanceen
dc.subjectshortfallsen
dc.subjectpovertyen
dc.subjectcostsen
dc.titleEconomic impact of nature-based tourismen
dc.title.serialPlos Oneen
dc.typeArticle - Refereeden
dc.type.dcmitypeTexten

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