Field efficacy and availability, movement, and persistence of ICIA-0051 herbicide in soils
| dc.contributor.author | Wilson, John Samuel | en |
| dc.contributor.committeechair | Foy, Chester L. | en |
| dc.contributor.committeemember | Baker, James C. | en |
| dc.contributor.committeemember | Derr, Jeffrey F. | en |
| dc.contributor.committeemember | Hagood, Edward S. | en |
| dc.contributor.committeemember | Young, Roderick W. | en |
| dc.contributor.department | Plant Physiology and Weed Science | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2015-07-28T19:21:25Z | en |
| dc.date.available | 2015-07-28T19:21:25Z | en |
| dc.date.issued | 1989 | en |
| dc.description.abstract | Fields studies conducted in 1987 and 1988 determined the weed control efficacy of ICIA-0051 and SC-0774 in conventional and no-till systems of corn (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) culture. Results of the preemergence and postemergence applications of ICIA-0051, across all treatments after 8 weeks, showed 85% control or better of triazine-resistant smooth pigweed (<i>Amaranthus hybridus</i> L.), while fall panicum (<i>Panicum dichotomiflorum</i> Michx.) control ranged from 43 to 87%. Giant ragweed (<i>Ambrosia trifida</i> L.) control ranged from 30 to 95%, while control of ivyleaf morningglory (<i>Ipomoea hederacea</i> (L.) Jacq.) was below 75% in the preemergence treatments and ranged from 89 to 99% in the postemergence treatments. In general, the addition of atrazine to the pre- and postemergence treatments of ICIA-0051 improved weed control. SC-0774 treatments gave 85% or better control of fall panicum, but inadequate broadleaf weed control (75% or worse). Soil mobility studies using soil thin-layer chromatography and soil leaching columns indicated that the movement of ICIA-0051 was highly negatively correlated with the organic/humic matter fraction. Although the mobility patterns were similar, ICIA-0051 was more mobile than SC-0774, which was more mobile than atrazine. A comparison of ICIA-0051 across soils indicated that the order of mobility was Appling loamy sand (Rf = 6.4) > Davidson clay (Rf = 5.6) > Bojac sandy loam (Rf = 5.0) = Frederick silt loam (Rf = 4.9) > Hyde silty clay loam (Rf = 1.1). Other soil properties such as the clay content and pH were not strongly correlated with ICIA-0051 movement. Results of the adsorption/desorption studies indicated that the organic/humic matter fraction was primarily responsible for the binding and retention of ICIA-0051 across the five soils investigated. Based on the K constants derived from the Freundlich equation, the order of adsorption was Hyde > Frederick > Davidson = Bojac > Appling. The desorption results indicated that ICIA-005l was not tightly bound to the soil particles, with losses between 20 and 50% of the amount adsorbed after two desorptions. Results of the greenhouse persistence study, using mustard (<i>Brassica kaber</i> L.) as a bioassay species, indicated that ICIA-0051 was more biologically available than atrazine. Similar to the adsorption and leaching results, the persistence of ICIA-0051 was highly positively correlated with the soils’ organic matter. Regardless of the rate used, crop injury decreased over time, although the highest rate (1 ppm of ICIA-0051) showed significant crop injury even after 6 months in several soils in the greenhouse studies. | en |
| dc.description.degree | Ph. D. | en |
| dc.format.extent | xiv, 117 leaves | en |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | en |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54812 | en |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | en |
| dc.publisher | Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University | en |
| dc.relation.isformatof | OCLC# 20438700 | en |
| dc.rights | In Copyright | en |
| dc.rights.uri | http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ | en |
| dc.subject.lcc | LD5655.V856 1989.W559 | en |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Herbicides -- Research | en |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Soils -- Herbicide content | en |
| dc.subject.lcsh | Soils -- Herbicide movement | en |
| dc.title | Field efficacy and availability, movement, and persistence of ICIA-0051 herbicide in soils | en |
| dc.type | Dissertation | en |
| dc.type.dcmitype | Text | en |
| thesis.degree.discipline | Plant Physiology and Weed Science | en |
| thesis.degree.grantor | Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University | en |
| thesis.degree.level | doctoral | en |
| thesis.degree.name | Ph. D. | en |
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